
Concept explainers
(a)
The rest energy of Boson (W) in GeV if the mass of intermediate vector Boson
(a)

Answer to Problem 24Q
Solution:
80.27 GeV.
Explanation of Solution
Given data:
The mass of intermediate Boson is 85.6 times the mass of a proton.
Formula used:
Einstein proposed in his
Here, m is the mass and c is the
The conversion formula from joule to GeV is:
Explanation:
Consider the mass of protons to be
Recall the expression for energy.
Substitute
Conclusion:
The rest mass energy as given by Einstein’s equation is 80.27 GeV.
(b)
The rest energy of Boson (W) in GeV if the mass of intermediate vector Boson
(b)

Answer to Problem 24Q
Solution:
Explanation of Solution
Given data:
The mass of intermediate Boson is 85.6 times the mass of a proton.
Formula used:
Einstein proposed in his special theory of relativity that energy is also given as:
Here, m is the mass and c is the speed of light.
The energy and temperature relation is:
Here, k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature.
Explanation:
If the rest mass of Boson is taken into consideration, the threshold temperature of the Bosons can be calculated.
Consider the Boltzmann constant to be
Recall the expression for energy and temperature.
Substitute
Conclusion:
The threshold temperature obtained is
(c)
The time after the Big Bang when Boson particles and antiparticles disappeared with the help of the below figure.
(c)

Answer to Problem 24Q
Solution:
Explanation of Solution
Introduction:
When the Big Bang occurred, all the forces bound together. As the temperature started to decrease with time, the forces got separated because the average temperature of the particles decreased.
Explanation:
From sub-part (a), the energy of the particle is 80.27 GeV and, from sub-part (b), the temperature is
So, from the figure, it can be inferred that the time for which the average energy of the particle is 80.27 GeV and the temperature is
Conclusion:
The time for which the temperature obtained is
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Chapter 26 Solutions
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