PRECISION MACHINING TECHNOLOGY PACKAGE
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780357262788
Author: Hoffman
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2.6, Problem 12RQ
What does IADS stand for?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Stress, ksi
160
72
150-
140
80
70
༄ ྃ ༈ ཎྜ རྦ ༅ ཎྜ ྣཧྨ ➢
130
120
110
100
90
2.0
2.8
3.6
4.4
5
Wire diameter, mm
6.0
6.8
2
7.6
8.4
Compression and extension springs.
ASTM A227 Class II
Light service
Average service
0.020
0.060
0.100
0.140
0.180
0.220
0.260
0.300
0.340
0.380
0.420
0.460
0.500
Wire diameter, in
Torsional stress due to initial tension, ksi
10
४
20
Preferred
range
100
Stress, MPa
9.2
10.0
10.8
11.6
12.4
1100
1035
965
895
825
760
Severe service
690
620
550
50
150
3456789 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Spring index, C = DJD
FIGURE 18-21 Recommended torsional shear stress in an extension spring due to initial tension (Data from Associated
Spring, Barnes Group, Inc.)
50
200
485
Stress, MPa
Bolted Joint Design
Bolted Frames
Total Force due to door weight: P =
240
lb
Number of Bolts: N =
Distance to Bolt C/L: a =
4
N/A
Bolt Material -
Allowable shear stress of bolt material: T₂ =
x Distance from Bolt centroid to bolt: x =
y Distance from Bolt centroid to bolt: y =
Degrees per Radian-
Results
y-Load on each bolt: F, =
Moment resisted by bolt pattern: M =
Radial distance from Bolt centroid to bolt: r =
Sum squares of all radial distances: Σr²
Force on each bolt to resist moment: F, -
Angle for force composition: e=
X-Force on each bolt to resist moment: F-
y-Force on each bolt to resist moment: Fly
Total y-Force on each bolt: Fy =
Resultant force on bolt 1: R₁ =
Required shear stress area for a bolt: A₂ =
ASTM Grade
A307 Steel
10,000
0
psi
from Table 20-1
3.0
57.296
in
degrees
lb per bolt
lb-in
Formula
FS-P/N
M-Px XB
r = (x² + y²)0.5
in²
Σ
4r²
Mr
F₁ =
Στ
lb
degrees
lb
lb
lb
Minimum Bolt Diameter: Din =
Rounded up Bolt Diameter: D =
55
P.
1.5 in
2 in (3x)
1 in
This bracket…
University of Babylon
Collage of Engineering/
Al-Musayab
Department of Automobiles
Final Examination/ Stage: 3rd
Notes:
Answer 4 questions only
2023-2202
Subject: Theory of vehicles
Date: 2023\06\10-Saturday
Time: Three Hours
Course 2nd Attempt 1st
Q1: A Hooke's coupling connects two shafts whose axes are inclined at 30°. The
of the driven shaft? Find the maximum value of retardation or acceleration and
driving shaft rotates uniformly at 600 rpm. What are the extreme angular velocities
state the angle where both will occur.
(12.5 Marks)
Q2: Four masses, A, B, C, and D), revolve at equal radii and are equally spaced
along a shaft. The mass B is 7 kg, and the radius of C and D make angles of 90°
and 240°, respectively, with the radius of B. Find the magnitude of the masses A,
C, and D and the angular position of A so that the system may be completely
balanced.
(12.5 Marks)
Q3: A cam has straight worked faces that are tangential to a base circle of diameter
90 mm. The follower is a roller…
Chapter 2 Solutions
PRECISION MACHINING TECHNOLOGY PACKAGE
Ch. 2.1 - Briefly describe what you believe are the two most...Ch. 2.1 - Briefly describe what you believe are the two most...Ch. 2.1 - What should be done in the case of a personal...Ch. 2.1 - What does OSHA stand for and what is OSHA's...Ch. 2.1 - List three specific clothing items that should not...Ch. 2.1 - If someone working around machinery has long hair,...Ch. 2.1 - Never operate machinery without proper ______ in...Ch. 2.1 - What is PPE?Ch. 2.1 - What is the most common and important piece of PPE...Ch. 2.1 - What does HCS stand for?
Ch. 2.1 - What does GHS stand for?Ch. 2.1 - What is a pictogram?Ch. 2.1 - What does NFPA stand for?Ch. 2.1 - What does HMIS stand for?Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 15RQCh. 2.1 - Prob. 16RQCh. 2.1 - Class A fire extinguishers use ______ as a media...Ch. 2.1 - What class of fire extinguisher should be used on...Ch. 2.1 - What class of fire extinguisher should be used on...Ch. 2.1 - What is the purpose of lockout and tagout...Ch. 2.2 - What is the inch equivalent of 1 millimeter?Ch. 2.2 - What is the inch equivalent of 32.5 mm to the...Ch. 2.2 - Use the decimal equivalent chart on page 69 to...Ch. 2.2 - Use the decimal equivalent chart on page 69 to...Ch. 2.2 - Use the decimal equivalent chart on page 69 to...Ch. 2.2 - What does parallel mean?Ch. 2.2 - What does perpendicular mean?Ch. 2.2 - What is the radius of a 3.65-inch-diameter circle?Ch. 2.2 - What is the circumference of the circle in the...Ch. 2.2 - What are the Cartesian coordinates of the four...Ch. 2.2 - Label the hypotenuse, adjacent side, and opposite...Ch. 2.3 - Define semi-precision measurement.Ch. 2.3 - What is comparison measurement?Ch. 2.3 - List three rules to follow when or storing...Ch. 2.3 - List the parts of the combination set.Ch. 2.3 - Describe four uses of the combination set.Ch. 2.3 - What semi-precision tool is used to take angular...Ch. 2.3 - What type of square has a blade that can be tilted...Ch. 2.3 - Identify the following tools.Ch. 2.4 - List three key points in caring for precision...Ch. 2.4 - What type of fixed gage can be used to check hole...Ch. 2.4 - What type of fixed gage can be used to check a...Ch. 2.4 - How is the go member of a go/no-go ring gage set...Ch. 2.4 - What type of fixed gage can be used to check...Ch. 2.4 - A _____________ can provide a reference plane for...Ch. 2.4 - What two other tools could be used with the answer...Ch. 2.4 - ___________ is the process of attaching gage...Ch. 2.4 - What is the smallest graduation on an English...Ch. 2.4 - What is the smallest graduation on a metric...Ch. 2.4 - A micrometer uses an accurate __________ to...Ch. 2.4 - What is the smallest graduation on an inch...Ch. 2.4 - What is the smallest graduation on a metric...Ch. 2.4 - What is calibration and why is it important?Ch. 2.4 - What is a transfer-type measuring tool?Ch. 2.4 - What are the two basic types of indicator...Ch. 2.4 - Briefly describe the main difference between the...Ch. 2.4 - A sine tool uses the trigonometric function of...Ch. 2.4 - List the two most common methods for measuring...Ch. 2.4 - What are one advantage and one disadvantage of...Ch. 2.4 - A(n) ________ displays a magnified image of a part...Ch. 2.4 - What other tool can be useful for measuring very...Ch. 2.4 - What does CMM stand for?Ch. 2.5 - What are the four basic parts of a process plan?Ch. 2.5 - Briefly define quality control and explain its...Ch. 2.5 - Briefly explain the purpose of a sampling plan.Ch. 2.5 - What is the purpose of an inspection plan?Ch. 2.5 - What is the important factor to consider when...Ch. 2.5 - What does SPC stand for?Ch. 2.5 - What does an X-bar chart track?Ch. 2.5 - What does an R-chart track?Ch. 2.5 - If an X-bar chart graph is between LCL and the...Ch. 2.5 - If an X-bar chart graph falls below the LCL or...Ch. 2.6 - What is the difference between ferrous and...Ch. 2.6 - Briefly describe an alloy.Ch. 2.6 - Name three alloying elements added to steel.Ch. 2.6 - What is cast iron?Ch. 2.6 - What element is in stainless steel that makes it...Ch. 2.6 - Small particles of________ alloys are flammable.Ch. 2.6 - What are the two major benefits of titanium?Ch. 2.6 - What does AISI stand for?Ch. 2.6 - What does SAE stand for?Ch. 2.6 - What is (are) the major alloying element(s) in...Ch. 2.6 - What is (are) the major alloying element(s) in...Ch. 2.6 - What does IADS stand for?Ch. 2.6 - What is the overall purity of 1030 aluminum?Ch. 2.6 - What is (are) the major alloying element(s) of...Ch. 2.6 - What does UNS stand for?Ch. 2.7 - Briefly define the term heat treatment.Ch. 2.7 - Direct hardening can be performed on steel...Ch. 2.7 - ________ is the rapid cooling of metal during heat...Ch. 2.7 - What type of hardening operation that leaves the...Ch. 2.7 - In what two ways can the process described in the...Ch. 2.7 - What method is used to harden low-carbon steels?Ch. 2.7 - List two methods of performing the operation...Ch. 2.7 - After hardening, steel is very hard and brittle....Ch. 2.7 - Briefly define annealing.Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 10RQCh. 2.7 - A dual-chamber furnace allows the user...Ch. 2.7 - In addition to standard PPE, what specific PPE and...Ch. 2.7 - What hardness testing scale uses many different...Ch. 2.7 - What is a Brale penetrator and what hardness scale...Ch. 2.8 - Why is a routine maintenance plan important?Ch. 2.8 - What is a lubricant?Ch. 2.8 - List three methods of applying lubricants to...Ch. 2.8 - List two components of machine tools that should...Ch. 2.8 - Briefly describe a gib.Ch. 2.8 - What are the purposes of cutting fluids?Ch. 2.8 - What are the two major types of cutting fluids?Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 8RQCh. 2.8 - What two ingredients are often used as additives...Ch. 2.8 - Oils that can be combined with water are...Ch. 2.8 - What is the major benefit of cutting fluids that...Ch. 2.8 - What is the difference between synthetic and...Ch. 2.8 - A______ can be used to measure cutting fluid...Ch. 2.8 - List three methods of applying cutting fluids.Ch. 2.8 - Always review the________ before using any...Ch. 2.8 - What type of cutting fluids should never be used...
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- Problem 18-26 Added Extension Springs Spring Material ASTM A227 Modulus of Elasticity of the Material in Shear: G 1.150E+07 psi Average Service Max Operating Load: F₁ = 100 lb Max Length between attachment points: L₁ = 60.00 in 20.00 lb 26.00 1.400 Min Operating Load: F₁ = Min Length between attachment points: L₁ = Maximum Outside Diameter = in in Results Note: you select a wire diameter from the "US steel wire gage" column in table 18-2 Formula k = AF/AL k = (F0-F1)/(Lo - L₁) Spring Rate: k = lb/in Assumed Trial Outside Diameter: OD = Assumed Trial Mean: D ma Assumed Design Stress in Spring: Tda in 1.070 in 102,000 psi Assumed Wahl Factor: K = 1.2 Calculated Wire Diameter: Dwa Actual Wire Diameter: Dw Actual outer diameter: OD = Actual inner diameter: ID= Spring Index: C = See Figure 18-8 Dw= [8KF Dm πTd 1/3 in 5' 5' 5' 5' This corresponds to US Steel 9 wire gage ID = Dm - Dw C = Dm/Dw 4C - 1 0.615 K = + 4C - с Wahl Factor: K = 8KFDm 8KFC T = TD πD Stress in Spring at F = Fo: To psi…arrow_forwardCHAIN DRIVE DESIGN Initial Input Data: Application: Garage Door Opener Drive type: AC Motor Driven machine Chain and Sprocket to pull the door up Degrees per Radian: 57.2958 degrees Sprocket Diameter: D = 1.690 in Number of strands: Chain number: 1 40 Service factor: 1.3 Table 7-10 No. of teeth Computed Data: Actual Motor Power Input: 0.000 hp Sprocket Speed (for sprocket attached to gear shaft) Design power: 0.00 rpm 0 hp 11 12 0.06 0.15 0.29 0.56 0.99 1.09 1.61 2.64 TABLE 7-7 Horsepower Ratings-Single Strand Roller Chain No. 40 0.500 inch pitch 10 25 50 100 180 200 300 500 700 900 1000 1: 0.06 0.14 0.27 0.52 0.91 1.00 1.48 2.42 3.34 4.25 4.70 ! 3.64 4.64 5.13 13 0.07 0.16 0.31 0.61 1.07 1.19 1.75 2.86 3.95 5.02 5.56 Design Decisions-Chain Type and Teeth Numbers: 14 Chain number: Use Table 7-7 Chain pitch: p = in 15 Number of Teeth: N = Per Table 7-7 16 0.08 0.20 0.39 0.75 1.32 1.46 2.15 3.52 0.07 0.17 0.34 0.66 1.15 1.28 1.88 3.08 0.08 0.19 0.36 0.70 1.24 1.37 2.02 3.30 4.55 5.80…arrow_forwardInput Data: Torque needed to overcome rolling friction in rollers, slides and other moving parts, except for Motor and Worm Gear the worm gear T₁ = Length of travel of door: Time for door to open or close: LD = 50 lb-in. 90 in t= 12.5 seconds Pitch diameter for chain sprocket: DPC 1.690 in Weight of Door: P = No. of worm threads: Nw = Worm Pitch diameter: Dw Diametral pitch: Pd Normal pressure angle: Degrees per Radian: Number of gear teeth: Calculated Data: Linear velocity of door and chain (in/sec): Linear velocity of door and chain (ft/min): Output Speed of Gear and Sprocket: Upward Force due to Weight of Door: Фо = = NG= 240 lb 2 1.250 in 12 14.5 degrees 57.2958 degrees 28 Vα= in/sec VC= ft/min NG = rpm FD lb Net Upward Force on Door: Fou lb Torque on gear ignoring rolling friction: TG = lb-in. Formula = FDU FD-2 x Fo (note: Fo is the Max Operating load of the extension springs). This is also the initial tension in the chain. TG = FDU X DPC/2 This is the also the torque on the…arrow_forward
- Q5/A: A car with a track of 1.5 m and a wheelbase of 2.9 m has a steering gear mechanism of the Ackermann type. The distance between the front stub axle pivots is 1.3 m. The length of each track arm is 150 mm, and the length of the track rod is 1.2 m. Find the angle turned through by the outer wheel if the angle turned through by the inner wheel is 30°. (6 Marks) Q5/B: Write True on the correct sentences and False on the wrong sentences listed below:- 1- In automobiles, the power is transmitted from the gearbox to the differential through bevel gears. 2- The minimum radius circle drawn to the cam profile is called the base circle. 3- The Proell governor, compared to the Porter governor, has less lift at the same speed. 4- The balancing of rotating and reciprocating parts of an engine is necessary when it runs at a slow speed. (6.5 Marks) ***Best of Luck *** جامعة بابل UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON Examiner: Mohanad R. Hameed Head of Department: Dr. Dhyai H. Jawadarrow_forwardUniversity of Babylon Collage of Engineering/ Al-Musayab Department of Automobiles Mid Examination/ Stage: 3rd Subject: Theory of Vehicles Date: 14 \ 4 \2025 Time: 1.5 Hours 2025-2024 Q1: The arms of a Porter governor are 250 mm long. The upper arms are pivoted on the axis of revolution, but the lower arms are attached to a sleeve at a distance of 50 mm from the axis of rotation. The weight on the sleeve is 600 N and the weight of each ball is 80 N. Determine the equilibrium speed when the radius of rotation of the balls is 150 mm. If the friction is equivalent to a load of 25 N at the sleeve, determine the range of speed for this position. Q2: In a loaded Proell governor shown in Figure below each ball weighs 3 kg and the central sleeve weighs 25 kg. The arms are of 200 mm length and pivoted about axis displaced from the central axis of rotation by 38.5 mm, y=238 mm, x=303.5 mm, CE 85 mm, MD 142.5 mm. Determine the equilibrium speed. Fe mg E M 2 Q3: In a spring loaded Hartnell type…arrow_forwardusing the theorem of three moments, find all the reactions and supports, I need the calculations onlyarrow_forward
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