Chapter 26, Problem 1.1BGL

Summary Introduction

To complete: The table of ABO blood group interactions.

Introduction: The blood is fluid tissue that circulates throughout the body and delivers all the essential nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues. The liquid portion of the blood is called plasma and the solid portions are made up of formed elements. There are different types of blood found in humans.

Answer to Problem 1.1BGL

Blood type	A	B	AB	O
Antigen on RBCs	Antigen A	Antigen B	Both antigens A and B	Nil
Antibody in plasma	Anti-B antibody	Anti-A antibody	Nil	Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
Compatible donor blood types (no hemolysis)	A and O	B and O	A, B, AB, and O	O
Incompatible donor blood types (hemolysis)	B and AB	A and AB	Nil	A, B, and AB

Table 1: Summary of ABO blood groups

Explanation of Solution

The blood groups are differentiated based on the blood group antigens found the blood cell’s surface and antibodies found in the blood plasma. Each blood group has distinguished antigens and antibodies. The blood group A has antigen A and anti-B antibody. The blood group B has antigen B and anti-A antibody. The blood group AB has both the antigens and possesses no antibodies. The blood group O has both the antibodies and possesses no antigen. The AB blood group is universal acceptor and the O blood group is a universal donor. If the incompatible blood is transfused, agglutination (antigen-antibody reaction) reaction occurs and the blood will be hemolysed.