Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 25, Problem 31CTQ
Describe two adaptations that are present in mosses, but not hornworts or liverworts, which reflect steps of evolution toward land plants.
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Compare and contrast bryophytes (e.g. mosses) and seedless vascular plants (e.g. ferns). What differences exist between these classifications of plants, and how have these differences become evolutionarily advantageous?
Monilophytes and seed plants both have megaphylls, as well as other traits not found in lycophytes. Explain this observation using the Figure in the picture and the concept of descent with modification.
In the vascular bundles of flowering plants, protoxylem is closest to the center of the stem, and metaxylem is farther out. Is this an endarch or an exarch arrangement? Seed plants always have just this one arrangement, but what about the early vascular plants? Were they endarch or exarch, or did both types occur originally?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 25 - Figure 25.6 Which of the following statements...Ch. 25 - Figure 25.14 Which of the following statements...Ch. 25 - Figure 25.24 Which of the following statements...Ch. 25 - The land plants are probably descendants of which...Ch. 25 - Alternation of generations means that plants...Ch. 25 - Which of the following traits of land plants...Ch. 25 - How does a haplontic plant population maintain...Ch. 25 - What characteristic of Charales would enable them...Ch. 25 - Which one of these characteristics is present in...Ch. 25 - A scientist sequences the genome of Chara, red...
Ch. 25 - Which of the following features does not support...Ch. 25 - Which of the following structures is not found in...Ch. 25 - Stomata appear in which group of plants? Charales...Ch. 25 - The chromosome complement in a moss protonema is:...Ch. 25 - Why do mosses grow well in the Arctic tundra? They...Ch. 25 - A botanist travels to an area that has experienced...Ch. 25 - Microphylls are characteristic of which types of...Ch. 25 - A plant in the understory of a forest displays a...Ch. 25 - The following structures are found on the...Ch. 25 - The dominant organism in fern is the sperm spore...Ch. 25 - What seedless plant is a renewable source of...Ch. 25 - How do mosses contribute to returning nitrogen to...Ch. 25 - The production of megaphylls by many different...Ch. 25 - Why did land plants lose some of the accessory...Ch. 25 - What is the difference between extant and extinct?Ch. 25 - Describe at least two challenges that cactuses had...Ch. 25 - Describe a minimum of two ways that plants changed...Ch. 25 - To an alga, what is the main advantage of...Ch. 25 - In areas where it rains often, mosses grow on...Ch. 25 - What are the three classes of bryophytes?Ch. 25 - Describe two adaptations that are present in...Ch. 25 - Bryophytes form a monophyletic group that...Ch. 25 - How did the development of a vascular system...Ch. 25 - Which plant is considered the most advanced...Ch. 25 - Ferns are simultaneously involved in promoting...
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- Explain how arborscent lycopods and horsetails are to vascular plant evolution what dinosaurs are to vertebrate evolution.arrow_forwardHow might Bryophytes and Lycophytes (“true” mosses and spikemosses) have contributed to the evolution of flowering plants and other land plants?arrow_forwardIn most plants the largest, longest-lived body is a diploid sporophyte. By one hypothesis, diploid dominance was favored because it allowed a greater level of genetic diversity. Suppose that a recessive mutation arises. It is mildly disadvantageous now, but it will be useful in some future environment. Explain why such a mutation would be more likely to persist in a fern than in a moss.arrow_forward
- Ferns and their allies are both vascular plants which means they all contain the xylem & phloem for water and food transport. Discuss two significant developments/ features that evolved among the ferns that differentiate them from the lower vascular plants.arrow_forwardCite at least three (3) advantages of having two plant forms in the life cycle of land plants.arrow_forwardTrimerophytes were plants that probably evolved from rhyniophytes but with more derived features. In one feature, certain stems grow longer than others, and thus, rather than having dichotomous branching, they have branching (displayed especially by Pertica). Simultaneously, the positioning of branches became more and .arrow_forward
- In the vascular bundles of flowering plants, protoxylem is closest to the center of the stem, and metaxylem is father out. Is this an endarch or an exarch arrangement, but what about the early vascular plants. Were they endarch or exarch, or did both types occur originally?arrow_forwardDiscuss the evolutionary adaptations of flowering plants.arrow_forwardTheophrastus of Lesbos, Aristotle’s successor as head of the Lyceum, improved upon Aristotle’s botany by classifying all monocotyledons as flowering plants with: two seed-leaves in the embryo, branching leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5 one seed-leaf in the embryo, branching leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5 one seed-leaf in the embryo, parallel leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 3 or 6 two seed-leaves in the embryo, parallel leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 3 or 6 two seed-leaves in the embryo, branching leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 3 or 6arrow_forward
- All of the following are trends in plant evolution except; A trend towards better water conducting tissue A trend towards Sporophyte dominance and away from gametophyte dominance A trend towards seeds and away from free spores A trend away from heterospory and towards homosporyarrow_forwardTheophrastus of Lesbos, Aristotle’s successor as head of the Lyceum, improved upon Aristotle’s botany by classifying all dicotyledons as flowering plants with: two seed-leaves in the embryo, branching leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5 one seed-leaf in the embryo, branching leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5 one seed-leaf in the embryo, parallel leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 3 or 6 two seed-leaves in the embryo, parallel leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 3 or 6 two seed-leaves in the embryo, branching leaf veins, and flower parts in multiples of 3 or 6arrow_forwardWhat sort of features/traits have arisen in early land plants through a selection for dispersal ability?arrow_forward
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