Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305980686
Author: Michael A. Seeds; Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 25, Problem 21RQ
What evidence indicates that some asteroids once had geologically active surfaces?
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Kirchoff's Laws. A circuit contains 3 known resistors, 2 known batteries, and 3 unknown currents as shown.
Assume the current flows through the circuit as shown (this is our initial guess, the actual currents may be
reverse). Use the sign convention that a potential drop is negative and a potential gain is positive.
E₂ = 8V
R₁₁ = 50
R₂ = 80
b
с
w
11
www
12
13
E₁ = 6V
R3 = 20
a) Apply Kirchoff's Loop Rule around loop abefa in the clockwise direction starting at point a. (2 pt).
b) Apply Kirchoff's Loop Rule around loop bcdeb in the clockwise direction starting at point b. (2 pt).
c) Apply Kirchoff's Junction Rule at junction b (1 pt).
d) Solve the above 3 equations for the unknown currents I1, 12, and 13 and specify the direction of the current
around each loop. (5 pts)
I1 =
A
12 =
A
13 =
A
Direction of current around loop abef
Direction of current around loop bcde
(CW or CCW)
(CW or CCW)
No chatgpt pls will upvote
4.) The diagram shows the electric field lines of a positively charged conducting sphere of
radius R and charge Q.
A
B
Points A and B are located on the same field line.
A proton is placed at A and released from rest. The magnitude of the work done by the electric field in
moving the proton from A to B is 1.7×10-16 J. Point A is at a distance of 5.0×10-2m from the centre of
the sphere. Point B is at a distance of 1.0×10-1 m from the centre of the sphere.
(a) Explain why the electric potential decreases from A to B. [2]
(b) Draw, on the axes, the variation of electric potential V with distance r from the centre of the
sphere.
R
[2]
(c(i)) Calculate the electric potential difference between points A and B. [1]
(c(ii)) Determine the charge Q of the sphere. [2]
(d) The concept of potential is also used in the context of gravitational fields. Suggest why scientists
developed a common terminology to describe different types of fields. [1]
Chapter 25 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced
Ch. 25 - Prob. 1RQCh. 25 - What do Widmansttten patterns indicate about the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3RQCh. 25 - Prob. 4RQCh. 25 - Prob. 5RQCh. 25 - Prob. 6RQCh. 25 - Why do astronomers refer to carbonaceous...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8RQCh. 25 - Prob. 9RQCh. 25 - Of all the meteorites shown in Figure 24-2, which...
Ch. 25 - Meteorites were once part of which type of...Ch. 25 - Most sporadic meteors were once part of which...Ch. 25 - Meteors in showers were once part of which type of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 14RQCh. 25 - Prob. 15RQCh. 25 - Why do astronomers conclude that asteroids were...Ch. 25 - A fragment from the surface of a differentiated...Ch. 25 - What evidence indicates that the asteroids are...Ch. 25 - Prob. 19RQCh. 25 - Prob. 20RQCh. 25 - What evidence indicates that some asteroids once...Ch. 25 - How is the composition of meteorites related to...Ch. 25 - Prob. 23RQCh. 25 - Prob. 24RQCh. 25 - What is the difference between a centaur and a...Ch. 25 - What is the difference between a comets dust tail...Ch. 25 - What evidence indicates that a comets nucleus is...Ch. 25 - Why do most short-period comets have prograde...Ch. 25 - What are possible fates (or end-states) for...Ch. 25 - What are the hypotheses for how the bodies in the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 31RQCh. 25 - How would studying the chemical composition of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1DQCh. 25 - Prob. 2DQCh. 25 - If cometary nuclei were heated during the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4DQCh. 25 - Prob. 5DQCh. 25 - Assuming a night lasts 12 hours, how many total...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2PCh. 25 - If a single asteroid 1 km in diameter were to...Ch. 25 - If a trillion (1012) asteroids, each 1 km in...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5PCh. 25 - The asteroid Vesta has a mass of 2.6 1020 kg and...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7PCh. 25 - What is the maximum angular diameter of the dwarf...Ch. 25 - At what average distances from the Sun would you...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10PCh. 25 - If the velocity of the solar wind is about 4.0 ...Ch. 25 - What is the average distance of Comet Halley from...Ch. 25 - If you saw Comet Halley when the comet was 0.7 AU...Ch. 25 - What is the orbital period of a comet nucleus at...Ch. 25 - The mass of an average comets nucleus is about 1.0...Ch. 25 - Prob. 16PCh. 25 - Look at Figure 24-2d. Identify the chondrules by...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 25 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 25 - Look at the images of Comet Mrkos on the left page...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 25 - Prob. 6LTLCh. 25 - Prob. 7LTLCh. 25 - Prob. 8LTL
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- 3.) The graph shows how current I varies with potential difference V across a component X. 904 80- 70- 60- 50- I/MA 40- 30- 20- 10- 0+ 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 VIV Component X and a cell of negligible internal resistance are placed in a circuit. A variable resistor R is connected in series with component X. The ammeter reads 20mA. 4.0V 4.0V Component X and the cell are now placed in a potential divider circuit. (a) Outline why component X is considered non-ohmic. [1] (b(i)) Determine the resistance of the variable resistor. [3] (b(ii)) Calculate the power dissipated in the circuit. [1] (c(i)) State the range of current that the ammeter can measure as the slider S of the potential divider is moved from Q to P. [1] (c(ii)) Describe, by reference to your answer for (c)(i), the advantage of the potential divider arrangement over the arrangement in (b).arrow_forward1.) Two long parallel current-carrying wires P and Q are separated by 0.10 m. The current in wire P is 5.0 A. The magnetic force on a length of 0.50 m of wire P due to the current in wire Q is 2.0 × 10-s N. (a) State and explain the magnitude of the force on a length of 0.50 m of wire Q due to the current in P. [2] (b) Calculate the current in wire Q. [2] (c) Another current-carrying wire R is placed parallel to wires P and Q and halfway between them as shown. wire P wire R wire Q 0.05 m 0.05 m The net magnetic force on wire Q is now zero. (c.i) State the direction of the current in R, relative to the current in P.[1] (c.ii) Deduce the current in R. [2]arrow_forward2.) A 50.0 resistor is connected to a cell of emf 3.00 V. The voltmeter and the ammeter in the circuit are ideal. V A 50.00 (a) The current in the ammeter is 59.0 mA. Calculate the internal resistance of the cell. The circuit is changed by connecting another resistor R in parallel to the 50.0 resistor. V A 50.00 R (b) Explain the effect of this change on R is made of a resistive wire of uniform cross-sectional area 3.1 × 10-8 m², resistivity 4.9 × 10-70m and length L. The resistance of R is given by the equation R = KL where k is a constant. (b.i) the reading of the ammeter. [2] (b.ii) the reading of the voltmeter. [2] (c) Calculate k. State an appropriate unit for your answer. [3] [2]arrow_forward
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