How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type. Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 25, Problem 1.1Q

Summary Introduction

To describe: How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type.

Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The transcription factors play a central role in regulating the gene expression by binding to the regulatory sequences in the DNA. When it binds to the gene sequence, it forms a complex where the RNA polymerase binds and carries out the transcription process for the formation of mRNA. A single type of transcription factor can bind to a specific sequence of DNA. This specific sequence can be found in many different genes. Thus, a single type of transcription factor can affect the expression of many genes. Some types of transcription factors affect the expression of other transcription factors that generate a cascade and amplify the further effect. Thus, some transcription factors serve as master regulators that can cause the cell to produce or repress many proteins that make a cell to undergo new fate. Hence, the transcription factors can establish the activity of the cell.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 1.1Q

Summary Introduction

To describe: How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type.

Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The transcription factors play a central role in regulating the gene expression by binding to the regulatory sequences in the DNA. When it binds to the gene sequence, it forms a complex where the RNA polymerase binds and carries out the transcription process for the formation of mRNA. A single type of transcription factor can bind to a specific sequence of DNA. This specific sequence can be found in many different genes. Thus, a single type of transcription factor can affect the expression of many genes. Some types of transcription factors affect the expression of other transcription factors that generate a cascade and amplify the further effect. Thus, some transcription factors serve as master regulators that can cause the cell to produce or repress many proteins that make a cell to undergo new fate. Hence, the transcription factors can establish the activity of the cell.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 1.1Q

Summary Introduction

To describe: How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type.

Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The transcription factors play a central role in regulating the gene expression by binding to the regulatory sequences in the DNA. When it binds to the gene sequence, it forms a complex where the RNA polymerase binds and carries out the transcription process for the formation of mRNA. A single type of transcription factor can bind to a specific sequence of DNA. This specific sequence can be found in many different genes. Thus, a single type of transcription factor can affect the expression of many genes. Some types of transcription factors affect the expression of other transcription factors that generate a cascade and amplify the further effect. Thus, some transcription factors serve as master regulators that can cause the cell to produce or repress many proteins that make a cell to undergo new fate. Hence, the transcription factors can establish the activity of the cell.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 1.1Q

Summary Introduction

To describe: How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type.

Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The transcription factors play a central role in regulating the gene expression by binding to the regulatory sequences in the DNA. When it binds to the gene sequence, it forms a complex where the RNA polymerase binds and carries out the transcription process for the formation of mRNA. A single type of transcription factor can bind to a specific sequence of DNA. This specific sequence can be found in many different genes. Thus, a single type of transcription factor can affect the expression of many genes. Some types of transcription factors affect the expression of other transcription factors that generate a cascade and amplify the further effect. Thus, some transcription factors serve as master regulators that can cause the cell to produce or repress many proteins that make a cell to undergo new fate. Hence, the transcription factors can establish the activity of the cell.

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Answer 5

Chapter 25, Problem 1.1Q

Summary Introduction

To describe: How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type.

Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The transcription factors play a central role in regulating the gene expression by binding to the regulatory sequences in the DNA. When it binds to the gene sequence, it forms a complex where the RNA polymerase binds and carries out the transcription process for the formation of mRNA. A single type of transcription factor can bind to a specific sequence of DNA. This specific sequence can be found in many different genes. Thus, a single type of transcription factor can affect the expression of many genes. Some types of transcription factors affect the expression of other transcription factors that generate a cascade and amplify the further effect. Thus, some transcription factors serve as master regulators that can cause the cell to produce or repress many proteins that make a cell to undergo new fate. Hence, the transcription factors can establish the activity of the cell.

Answer 6

Chapter 25, Problem 1.1Q

Summary Introduction

To describe: How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type.

Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The transcription factors play a central role in regulating the gene expression by binding to the regulatory sequences in the DNA. When it binds to the gene sequence, it forms a complex where the RNA polymerase binds and carries out the transcription process for the formation of mRNA. A single type of transcription factor can bind to a specific sequence of DNA. This specific sequence can be found in many different genes. Thus, a single type of transcription factor can affect the expression of many genes. Some types of transcription factors affect the expression of other transcription factors that generate a cascade and amplify the further effect. Thus, some transcription factors serve as master regulators that can cause the cell to produce or repress many proteins that make a cell to undergo new fate. Hence, the transcription factors can establish the activity of the cell.

Answer 7

Chapter 25, Problem 1.1Q

Summary Introduction

To describe: How the activity of a transcription factor can determine the cell type.

Introduction: The transcription factors are the major proteins that control the expression of a gene expression. It either stimulates or represses the expression of genes based on its activity. It plays an important role in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell growth, cell migration, and so on.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The transcription factors play a central role in regulating the gene expression by binding to the regulatory sequences in the DNA. When it binds to the gene sequence, it forms a complex where the RNA polymerase binds and carries out the transcription process for the formation of mRNA. A single type of transcription factor can bind to a specific sequence of DNA. This specific sequence can be found in many different genes. Thus, a single type of transcription factor can affect the expression of many genes. Some types of transcription factors affect the expression of other transcription factors that generate a cascade and amplify the further effect. Thus, some transcription factors serve as master regulators that can cause the cell to produce or repress many proteins that make a cell to undergo new fate. Hence, the transcription factors can establish the activity of the cell.