Interpretation: The group in the periodic table that contains elements which are semiconductors at room temperature should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Semiconductors are substances that conduct electricity either by addition of an impurity or by the effects of temperature on it. Semiconductors have small energy gap between valence and conduction band hence its electrical conductivity lies between conductor and insulator.
Addition of impurity to a semiconductor is termed as doping. Doping alters the conductivity of a semiconductor. The addition of an element having either more or less number of valence electrons than the natural semiconductor decides the combination as the following two types of semiconductor.
- n- type semiconductor: (conduction is due to movement of extra electrons)
The element added will have more valence electron than the natural semiconductor. Therefore, the extra electron from the added element resides in conduction band and increase the conductivity.
Example: Silicon (natural semiconductor) and Phosphorus
- p-type semiconductor: (conduction is due to movement of holes)
The element added will have less valence electron than the natural semiconductor. Here, instead of extra electron, there will be “holes” at the places, where a semiconductor is replaced by added element. A p-type semiconductor increases conductivity because the holes (effective positive charge; lies at valence band) move through the natural semiconductor rather than electrons.
Example: Silicon (natural semiconductor) and Gallium
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
There are seven periods and 18 groups present in the table and some of those groups are given special name as follows,
Atomic Number: Atomic number of the element is equal to the number of protons present in the nucleus of the element which is denoted by symbol Z. The superscript presents on the left side of the

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Chapter 24 Solutions
CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST VOL 1 W/CONNECT
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- Please help me answer the following questions. My answers weren't good enough. Need to know whyy the following chemicals were not used in this experiment related to the melting points and kf values. For lab notebook not a graded assignments.arrow_forwardDraw the arrow pushing reaction mechanism. DO NOT ANSWER IF YOU WONT DRAW IT. Do not use chat gpt.arrow_forwardComplete the following esterification reaction by drawing the structural formula of the product formed. HOH HO i catalyst catalyst OH HO (product has rum flavor) (product has orange flavor)arrow_forward
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