The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified . Concept introduction: Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH 4 which provides alcohol. Nitric Acid : Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol To find : The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

Question

Determine whether each of the following molecules is a hemiacetal, acetal, or neither and select the appropriate box in the table. CH3O OH OH OH hemiacetal acetal neither hemiacetal acetal neither X

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).

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Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 72PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose produces thealdaric acid

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: Optically inactive alditols, when the D-aldopentoses treated with sodium borohydride

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: synthesis of alditols as L-xylose

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the alditol should be identified and L-aldohexose gives the alditol when treated with sodium borohydride also should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Reduction: Aldehydes or ketones undergoing reduction by using reducing agent like LAH or NaBH₄ which provides alcohol.

Nitric Acid: Nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and theterminal alcohol

To find: The D-aldopentose can close into a β-pyranose (d).

Answer 14

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Answer 25

Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 7CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 9PTS

Chapter 24 Solutions