The product of the given reaction. Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated. Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde . This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.29SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde. This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. The reaction mechanism is acid-catalysed α halogenation. The enol form of the acid acts as a nucleophilic intermediate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. These α-bromo acids react with excess of ammonia to give amino acids.

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Use the expression below to ⚫ calculate its value and report it to the proper number of significant digits (you may need to round your answer). ⚫ calculate the % error (or % relative error or % inherent error) ⚫ calculate the absolute error. (20.54±0.02 × 0.254±0.003) / (3.21±0.05) = Value: % Error: Absolute error: ± | % (only 1 significant digit) (only 1 significant digit)

In each case (more ductile, more brittle, more tough or resistant), indicate which parameter has a larger value. parameter Elastic limit Tensile strength more ductile Strain at break Strength Elastic modulus more fragile more tough or resistant

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.29SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde. This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. The reaction mechanism is acid-catalysed α halogenation. The enol form of the acid acts as a nucleophilic intermediate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. These α-bromo acids react with excess of ammonia to give amino acids.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.29SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde. This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. The reaction mechanism is acid-catalysed α halogenation. The enol form of the acid acts as a nucleophilic intermediate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. These α-bromo acids react with excess of ammonia to give amino acids.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.29SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde. This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. The reaction mechanism is acid-catalysed α halogenation. The enol form of the acid acts as a nucleophilic intermediate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. These α-bromo acids react with excess of ammonia to give amino acids.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 24.29SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde. This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. The reaction mechanism is acid-catalysed α halogenation. The enol form of the acid acts as a nucleophilic intermediate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. These α-bromo acids react with excess of ammonia to give amino acids.

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 24.29SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde. This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 24.29SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ninhydrin reacts with alpha amino acids to give resonance stablised anion known as Ruhemann’s purple accompanied by evolution of carbon dioxide. The side chain of amino acid is lost as an aldehyde. This reaction is used to detect amino acids on a wide range of substrates.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids. All sorts of acylating agents can react with amino group of amino acids. Amino acids contain two major functional groups: the amino group and the carboxylate group.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nucleophilic addition takes place when hydrogen cyanide reacts with aldehyde or ketones. Hydrogen cyanide attacks the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to form cyanohydrin. It undergoes acidic hydrolysis to give carboxylic acid.

Answer 18

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. The reaction mechanism is acid-catalysed α halogenation. The enol form of the acid acts as a nucleophilic intermediate.

Answer 19

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. The reaction mechanism is acid-catalysed α halogenation. The enol form of the acid acts as a nucleophilic intermediate.

Answer 20

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. These α-bromo acids react with excess of ammonia to give amino acids.

Answer 21

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids react with bromine and phosphorus tribromide to give α-bromo acyl bromide. This intermediate is hydrolysed to give α-bromo acids. These α-bromo acids react with excess of ammonia to give amino acids.

Answer 22

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 23

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 24

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Answer 25

Ch. 24.2A - Draw three-dimensional representations of the...Ch. 24.2A - Prob. 24.2P Ch. 24.2B - The herbicide glyphosate (Roundup) kills plants by...Ch. 24.4 - Draw the structure of the predominant form of a....Ch. 24.4 - Draw the resonance forms of a protonated guanidino...Ch. 24.4 - Although tryptophan contains a heterocyclic amine,...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 24.7P Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 24.8P Ch. 24.5A - Show how the following amino acids might be formed...Ch. 24.5B - Prob. 24.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids.

Concept explainers

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 24 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that acetic anhydride is commonly used for acylation of amino acids.

Concept explainers

To determine: The product of the given reaction. Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated. Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 24 Solutions

To determine: The product of the given reaction.

Interpretation: The product of the given reaction is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Carboxyl benzyl is used to protect the amine group of amino acids. Its symbol is Cbz. It is used in the synthesis of amides.