Chapter 24, Problem 24.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Way in which chemical and nuclear reactions differ has to be explained in terms of the magnitude change in energy.

Explanation of Solution

Change in energy during a chemical reaction is relatively small. In the case of nuclear reaction change in energy is relatively large.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Way in which chemical and nuclear reactions differ has to be explained in terms of the effect on rate with increase in temperature.

Explanation of Solution

Chemical reaction depends on the temperature; the rate of chemical reactions can be altered by changing the temperature. Increase in temperature increases the rate of a chemical reaction.

Nuclear reactions do not depend on the temperature.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Way in which chemical and nuclear reactions differ has to be explained in terms of the effect on rate of higher reactant concentration.

Explanation of Solution

Rate of both chemical and nuclear reactions depend on the reactant concentration. When the concentration of reactant is high, then the rate of chemical and nuclear reactions taking place increases.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Way in which chemical and nuclear reactions differ has to be explained in terms of the effect on yield of higher reactant concentration.

Explanation of Solution

If amount of reactant present in a chemical reaction is higher, then the product formed is also higher. Hence, yield increases if reactant concentration is higher in chemical reaction.

Presence of a huge amount of radioactive reagent gives more decay product, so the yield in a nuclear reaction increases if reactant concentration is higher.