From the following reaction, oxidation-reduction reactions have to be chosen. ( a ) 2 H 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) → 2 H 2 O ( l ) ( b ) 2 C 8 H 18 ( l ) + 25 O 2 ( g ) → 16 C O 2 ( g ) + 18 H 2 O ( g ) ( c ) P b ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + N a 2 S O 4 ( a q ) → 2 N a N O 3 ( a q ) + P b S O 4 ( s ) ( d ) N a O H ( a q ) + C H 3 C O O H ( a q ) → C H 3 C O O N a ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) ( e ) Z n ( s ) + 2 H C l ( a q ) → Z n C l 2 ( a q ) + H 2 ( g ) Concept introduction: In an oxidation-reduction reaction electrons will be transferred from one reactant to another reactant. Hence the oxidation-reduction reactions are also called electron transfer reactions . The reactant is called the oxidizing agent if it accepts electrons and the reactant is called the reducing agent if it donates electrons. Normally a specific atom in the oxidizing agent accepts the electrons so its oxidation state decreases. Similarly, a specific atom in the reducing agent donates the electrons, so its oxidation state increases. Therefore the oxidizing agent contains atoms that are reduced, and the reducing agent contains atoms that are oxidized.

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Chapter 24, Problem 24.19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the following reaction, oxidation-reduction reactions have to be chosen.

(a)2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(l)(b)2 C8H18(l) + 25 O2(g) → 16 CO2(g) + 18 H2O(g)(c)Pb(NO3)2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) →2 NaNO3(aq) + PbSO4(s)(d)NaOH(aq) + CH3COOH(aq) →CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)(e)Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

Concept introduction:

In an oxidation-reduction reaction electrons will be transferred from one reactant to another reactant. Hence the oxidation-reduction reactions are also called electron transfer reactions.

The reactant is called the oxidizing agent if it accepts electrons and the reactant is called the reducing agent if it donates electrons.

Normally a specific atom in the oxidizing agent accepts the electrons so its oxidation state decreases. Similarly, a specific atom in the reducing agent donates the electrons, so its oxidation state increases. Therefore the oxidizing agent contains atoms that are reduced, and the reducing agent contains atoms that are oxidized.

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Г C-RSA CHROMATOPAC CH=1 DATA 1: @CHRM1.C00 ATTEN=10 SPEED= 10.0 0.0 b.092 0.797 1.088 1.813 C-RSA CHROMATOPAC CH=1 Report No. =13 ** CALCULATION REPORT ** DATA=1: @CHRM1.000 11/03/05 08:09:52 CH PKNO TIME 1 2 0.797 3 1.088 4 1.813 AREA 1508566 4625442 2180060 HEIGHT 207739 701206 V 287554 V MK IDNO CONC NAME 18.1447 55.6339 26.2213 TOTAL 8314067 1196500 100 C-R8A CHROMATOPAC CH=1 DATA 1: @CHRM1.C00 ATTEN=10 SPEED= 10.0 0. 0 087 337. 0.841 1.150 C-R8A CHROMATOPAC CH=1 Report No. =14 DATA=1: @CHRM1.000 11/03/05 08:12:40 ** CALCULATION REPORT ** CH PKNO TIME AREA 1 3 0.841 1099933 41.15 4039778 HEIGHT MK IDNO 170372 649997¯¯¯ CONC NAME 21.4007 78.5993 TOTAL 5139711 820369 100 3 C-R8A CHROMATOPAC CH=1 DATA 1: @CHRM1.C00 ATTEN=10 SPEED= 10.0 0.100 0:652 5.856 3 1.165 C-RSA CHROMATOPAC CH-1 Report No. =15 DATA=1: @CHRM1.000 11/03/05 08:15:26 ** CALCULATION REPORT ** CH PKNO TIME AREA HEIGHT MK IDNO CONC NAME 1 3 3 0.856 4 1.165 TOTAL 1253386 4838738 175481 708024 V 20.5739 79.4261 6092124…