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Humans and pufferfish diverged from a common ancestor about 450 MYA, and these two genomes have
a. very few of the same genes in common.
b. all the same genes.
c. a large proportion of the genes in common.
d. no
Introduction:
Divergent evolution shares common ancestors between two or more species. Such organisms have same structures that are located on different positions in the body as per their need but perform different functions. Such organisms are homologous to each other as they have common homology between them.
Answer to Problem 1U
Correct answer:
Humans and pufferfish diverged from common ancestors about 450 MYA, so they have a large proportion of common genes. Therefore, option c.is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct statement:
Human teeth are evolved from puffer fish, which is later turned into beak in fish. Pufferfish and humans share a common ancestor as they contain a genome known as the fugu genome for over 450 million years ago. This genome is found in fish, but it is also present in humans in the same numbers. However, its size is larger in humans because of the presence of more repetitive DNA in the human genome.
Option c.is given as “a large proportion of gene is common”.
As “pufferfish and humans share common ancestry between them as they have a large proportion of identical genes”, it is the right answer.
Hence, option c.is correct.
Reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option a. is given as “a very few of the same gene in common”.
Pufferfish and human shares common ancestry and human teeth are also evolved from fish. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option b.is given as “all the same genes”.
If all the genes are the same between two different species, then there is no such variation that occurs among the individuals among species. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option d.is given as “no nucleotide divergence”.
Divergence involves the similarities of amino acids in protein and nucleotide sequence of DNA and RNA between organisms that share a common ancestry. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options a., b., and d. are incorrect.
Conclusion:
Human and pufferfish have many identical genes and share common ancestors. However, with time, these genes are rearranged to bring genome revolution, which reveals that the structures might be changed but its function remains the same.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Biology
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