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Chapter 24 Solutions
College Physics
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- Handwrittenarrow_forwardDistances in space are often quoted in units of light years, the distance light travels in one year (365.25 days). How many meters is a light year? Provide the solution: x 1015 marrow_forwardWhat is the speed of light traveling from air to a medium of refractive index n=1.5? (Speed of light in vacuum is 3.0 × 108 m/s) O 2.0 × 108 m/s. X O 1.5 × 108 m/s. O 3.0 × 108 m/s. O 0.67 × 108 m/s. O 0.75 × 108 m/s. X Carrow_forward
- Distances in space are often quoted in units of light years, the distance light travels in one year. (a) How many meters is a light year? m (b) How many meters is it to Andromeda, the nearest large galaxy, given that it is 2.00 ✕ 106 light years away? m (c) The most distant galaxy yet discovered is 12.0 ✕ 109 light years away. How far is this in meters? marrow_forwardWhat is the speed of light traveling from air to a medium of refractive index n=1.5? (Speed of light in vacuum is 3.0 × 108 m/s) O 3.0 x 108 m/s. O 1.5 x 108 m/s. O 2.0 × 108 m/s. O 0.67 x 108 m/s. O 0.75 x 108 m/s.arrow_forwardA light beam is travelling in an isotropic absorbing medium, and it is found that after travelling a distance of 15 cm in the medium, the light intensity has reduced to one-quarter of the incident intensity. Calculate the absorption coefficient a of the medium.arrow_forward
- (a) The distance to a star is approximately 4.97 × 10¹8 m. If this star were to burn out today, in how many years would we see it disappear? years (b) How long does it take sunlight to reach Earth? minutes (c) How long does it take for a microwave radar signal to travel from Earth to the Moon and back? (The distance from Earth to the Moon is 3.84 x 105 km.) Sarrow_forwardProve that the group velocity o, of electromagnetic waves in a dispersive medium with refractive index n is given by dn n+ a da where c is the free-space velocity of light and w is the angular frequency of the waves. A pulsar is a star which emits very sharp pulses over a broad range of radio frequencies. These travel through the interstellar medium in a straight line before arriving at Earth. Radio observations show that the arrival time of a particular pulse measured at 400 MHz is 700 ms later than the arrival time of the same pulse measured at 1400 MHz. The refractive index of the interstellar medium is given by Ne? where e and m are the charge and mass of an electron, and N is the electron density, which is known to have an approximately uniform value of 3 x 10' m- in the space between the Earth and the pulsar. Calculate the distance to the puksar.arrow_forwardIn the Figure, if a;=10 Np/m ve B1= 1,56 rad/m for the medium 1, az=9,4 Np/m, B2=1,1 rad/m for the medium 2 and f=1GHZ, T=-0,69 , find the distance at which the magnitude of reflected electric field is equal to (E= 4,9 V/m. Z Er2, Hr2, 02 Et Ei ît îi E" X = 0 V f=1GHZ E'(x = 0)| = 16- marrow_forward
- Refractive Index (n) is a ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in materials such as glass, water, plastic, etc. Using Snell's Law, and given an air to glass interface with and angle of incidence of 15 degrees, what will be the angle of refractance R if the refractive index of the glass is 1.5 ? Snell's Law: n; (sin I) = n, (sin R) So, Sin R = n; (sin I) / n And, R = arcsin (n; (sin I) / n,) For each angle I, find angle R: 5. I=0, R = 6. I=45, R = 7. I= 60, R = 8. I = 75, R = = arcsin (1(.259)/1.5) = arcsin (.172) = 9.9 degrees Wavelength in Air- Light- Angle of Light -Wavelength in Glass Normal 90° R Air nj-1 Glassarrow_forward(1) Suppose a ray from a point light source hits a surface at a point p whose normal vector is Ñ. Let L be the unit vector from p toward the light source. Describe R, the unit vector at p in the direction of ideal specular reflection of the ray, in terms of Ñ and L. Continuing the previous question, let V be the unit vector at p toward (2) the viewer. Express the intensity of specular reflection in the Phong model in terms of L, Ñ‚, and/or R, V, specular light intensity I, • specular-reflection constant k, and specular-reflection exponent a, and explain what visible effect a has and why.arrow_forwardTwo laser beams with wavelengths λ1 = 556 nm and λ2 = 604 nm are aimed at the same point. The electric field from each laser in the y-direction behaves as the function, Ei,y(x,t) = A(sin(2πfit - 2πx/λi) for i = 1 or 2, and they propagate at a speed of light c. Both fields have the same amplitude, A = 1 N/C. λ1 = 556 nmλ2 = 604 nm Find the value of the total electric field in the y-direction Ey, in newtons per coulomb, at a time of exactly one femtosecond (10-15 s) if the position the lasers is aimed at is exactly 100 nm away from each laser.arrow_forward
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