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S&S Air’s Convertible Bond
S&S Air is preparing its first public securities offering. In consultation with Renata Harper of underwriter Raines and Warren, Chris Guthrie decided that a convertible bond with a 20-year maturity was the way to go. He met the owners, Mark and Todd, and presented his analysis of the convertible bond issue. Because the company is not publicly traded, Chris looked at comparable publicly traded companies and determined that the average PE ratio for the industry is 12.5. Earnings per share for the company are $1.60. With this in mind, Chris has suggested a conversion price of $25 per share.
Several days later, Todd, Mark, and Chris met again to discuss the potential bond issue. Both Todd and Mark researched convertible bonds and have questions for Chris. Todd begins by asking Chris if the convertible bond issue will have a lower coupon rate than a comparable bond without a conversion feature. Chris informs him that a par value convertible bond issue would require a 6 percent coupon rate with a conversion value of $800, while a plain vanilla bond would have a 10 percent coupon rate. Todd nods in agreement and explains that the convertible bonds are a win–win form of financing. He states that if the value of the company stock does not rise above the conversion price, the company has issued debt at a cost below the market rate (6 percent instead of 10 percent). If the company’s stock does rise to the conversion value, the company has effectively issued stock at a price above the current value.
Mark immediately disagrees, saying that convertible bonds are a no-win form of financing. He argues that if the value of the company stock rises to more than $25, the company is forced to sell stock at the conversion price. This means the new shareholders, in other words those who bought the convertible bonds, benefit from a bargain price. Put another way, if the company prospers, it would have been better to have issued straight debt so that the gains would not be shared.
Chris has gone back to Renata for help. As Renata’s assistant, you’ve been asked to prepare another memo answering the following questions.
1. Why do you think Chris is suggesting a conversion price of $25? Given that the company is not publicly traded, does it even make sense to talk about a conversion price?
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Fundamentals of Corporate Finance
- The slope parameter ß1 measures the change in annual salary, in thousands of dollars, when return on equity increases by one percentage point. Because a higher roe is good for the company, we think ß1 > 0.The data set CEOSAL1 contains information on 209 CEOs for the year 1990; these data were obtained from Business Week (5/6/91). In this sample, the average annual salary is $1,281,120, with the smallest and largest being $223,000 and $14,822,000, respectively. The average return on equity for the years 1988, 1989, and 1990 is 17.18%, with the smallest and largest values being 0.5% and 56.3%, respectively.Using the data in CEOSAL1, the OLS regression line relating salary to roe is :arrow_forwardFor the population of people in the workforce in 1976, let y = wage, where wage is measured in dollars per hour. Thus, for a particular person, if wage = 6.75, the hourly wage is $6.75. Let x = educ denote years of schooling; for example, educ =12 corresponds to a complete high school education. Because the average wage in the sample is $5.90, the Consumer Price Index indicates that this amount is equivalent to $24.90 in 2016 dollars.Using the data in WAGE1 where n = 526 individuals, we obtain the following OLS regression line (or sample regression function):arrow_forwardDefine the following: Callable bond Puttable bond Zero-coupon bond Premium bond Discount bond Crossover bonds Even though most corporate bonds in the United States make coupon payments semiannually, bonds issued elsewhere often have annual coupon payments. Suppose a German company issues a bond with a par value of EUR 1,000, 15 years to maturity, a coupon rate of 7.2%. If the yield to maturity is 6.3%, what is the current price of the bond? Rhiannon Corporation has bonds on the market with 13 years to maturity, a YTM of 7.6%, a par value of $1,000, a current market price of $1,075. The bonds make semiannual payments. What must the coupon rate be on these bonds? What would be coupon rate if the current market price is $962.68? What would be the coupon rate if the bonds make quarterly payments? Suppose that a bond has a face value of $1,000 and a YTM of 8% per annum. If the bond pays monthly coupons with an annual coupon rate of 9.6%, what will be the current price of…arrow_forward
- Wildcat, Incorporated, has estimated sales (in millions) for the next four quarters as follows: Q1 Q2 Q3 Sales $ 195 $ 215 $ 235 Q4 $ 265 Sales for the first quarter of the following year are projected at $210 million. Accounts receivable at the beginning of the year were $83 million. Wildcat has a 45-day collection period. Wildcat's purchases from suppliers in a quarter are equal to 50 percent of the next quarter's forecast sales, and suppliers are normally paid in 36 days. Wages, taxes, and other expenses run about 20 percent of sales. Interest and dividends are $18 million per quarter. Wildcat plans a major capital outlay in the second quarter of $98 million. Finally, the company started the year with a $84 million cash balance and wishes to maintain a $40 million minimum balance. a-1. Assume that Wildcat can borrow any needed funds on a short-term basis at a rate of 3 percent per quarter and can invest any excess funds in short-term marketable securities at a rate of 2 percent per…arrow_forwardConsider the following two bonds: Bond A Bond B Face value $1,000 $1,000 Coupon rate (annual) 8% 8% YTM 9% 7% Maturity 10 years 10 years Price (PV) ? ? Calculate the price for each bond. What is the primary factor affecting the prices of the bonds? Indicate which bond is premium and which one is discount. Is there any relationship between the YTM and the coupon rate in case of premium/discount bonds? Now, consider the following two bonds: Bond X Bond Y Face value $1,000 $1,000 Coupon rate (annual) 8% 8% YTM 11% 11% Maturity 5 years 10 years Price (PV) ? ? Calculate the price for each bond. What is the relationship between bond price and maturity, all else equal? A bond with a par value of $1,000 and a maturity of 8 years is selling for $925. If the annual coupon rate is 7%, what’s the yield on the bond? What would be the yield if the bond had semiannual payments?…arrow_forwardDon't used hand raitingarrow_forward
- Don't used Ai solutionarrow_forwardAssume an investor deposits $116,000 in a professionally managed account. One year later, the account has grown in value to $136,000 and the investor withdraws $43,000. At the end of the second year, the account value is $107,000. No other additions or withdrawals were made. During the same two years, the risk-free rate remained constant at 3.94 percent and a relevant benchmark earned 9.58 percent the first year and 6.00 percent the second. Calculate geometric average of holding period returns over two years. (You need to calculate IRR of cash flows over two years.) Round the answer to two decimals in percentage form.arrow_forwardPlease help with these questions.arrow_forward
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