
Mathematics for the Trades: A Guided Approach (11th Edition) (What's New in Trade Math)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134756967
Author: Hal Saunders, Robert Carman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2.4, Problem 10BE
To determine
To subtract: The mixed fraction
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Questions
An insurance company's cumulative incurred claims for the last 5 accident years are given
in the following table:
Development Year
Accident Year 0
2018
1 2 3 4
245 267 274 289 292
2019
255 276 288 294
2020
265 283 292
2021
263 278
2022
271
It can be assumed that claims are fully run off after 4 years. The premiums received for
each year are:
Accident Year Premium
2018
306
2019
312
2020
318
2021
326
2022
330
You do not need to make any allowance for inflation.
1. (a) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the basic chain ladder method.
(b) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method.
2. Comment on the differences in the reserves produced by the methods in Part 1.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Mathematics for the Trades: A Guided Approach (11th Edition) (What's New in Trade Math)
Ch. 2.1 - What fraction of the box does the shaded region...Ch. 2.1 - Reduce 48 to lowest terms.Ch. 2.1 - Write as a mixed number. 174Ch. 2.1 - Write as a mixed number. 85Ch. 2.1 - Write as a mixed number. 118Ch. 2.1 - Write as a mixed number. 4016Ch. 2.1 - Write as a mixed number. 32Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 6AECh. 2.1 - Prob. 7AECh. 2.1 - Prob. 8AE
Ch. 2.1 - Write as a mixed number. 8032Ch. 2.1 - Write as a mixed number. 52Ch. 2.1 - Write as an improper fraction. 213Ch. 2.1 - Write as an improper fraction. 712Ch. 2.1 - Write as an improper fraction. 838Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 4BECh. 2.1 - Prob. 5BECh. 2.1 - Prob. 6BECh. 2.1 - Prob. 7BECh. 2.1 - Prob. 8BECh. 2.1 - Write as an improper fraction. 456Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 10BECh. 2.1 - Complete. 78=?16Ch. 2.1 - Complete. 34=?16Ch. 2.1 - Complete. 18=?64Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 4CECh. 2.1 - Complete. 114=?16Ch. 2.1 - Complete. 278=?32Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 7CECh. 2.1 - Complete. 1116=?32Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 9CECh. 2.1 - Prob. 10CECh. 2.1 - Prob. 11CECh. 2.1 - Prob. 12CECh. 2.1 - Write in lowest terms. 416Ch. 2.1 - Write in lowest terms. 46Ch. 2.1 - Write in lowest terms. 616Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 4DECh. 2.1 - Write in lowest terms. 410Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 6DECh. 2.1 - Prob. 7DECh. 2.1 - Prob. 8DECh. 2.1 - Prob. 9DECh. 2.1 - Prob. 10DECh. 2.1 - Prob. 11DECh. 2.1 - Write in lowest terms. 1035Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 13DECh. 2.1 - Prob. 14DECh. 2.1 - Write in lowest terms. 3824Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1EECh. 2.1 - Prob. 2EECh. 2.1 - Prob. 3EECh. 2.1 - Prob. 4EECh. 2.1 - E. Which is larger? 78or56Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 6EECh. 2.1 - Prob. 7EECh. 2.1 - Prob. 8EECh. 2.1 - Prob. 9EECh. 2.1 - E. Which is larger? 312or274Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 11EECh. 2.1 - Prob. 12EECh. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Carpentry An apprentice...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Electrical Trades An...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications The numbers 227, 196,...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Sheet Metal Trades Which...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Plumbing Is it possible...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Sheet Metal Trades...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Printing A printer has...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Machine Trades A...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Landscaping Before it...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Roofing A ridge beam...Ch. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications Construction A 34-in....Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 12FECh. 2.1 - F. Practical Applications General Trades The...Ch. 2.2 - What is half of 18?Ch. 2.2 - Write 2416 as a mixed number in lowest terms.Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms. 612Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms. 893Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 6AECh. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Multiply and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 19AECh. 2.2 - Prob. 20AECh. 2.2 - Prob. 21AECh. 2.2 - Prob. 22AECh. 2.2 - Prob. 23AECh. 2.2 - Prob. 24AECh. 2.2 - Prob. 25AECh. 2.2 - Prob. 1BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 2BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 3BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 4BECh. 2.2 - Find. 12 of 112Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 6BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 7BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 8BECh. 2.2 - Find. 43 of 34Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 10BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 11BECh. 2.2 - B. Find. 35of4Ch. 2.2 - B. Find. 716of6Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 14BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 15BECh. 2.2 - Prob. 16BECh. 2.2 - Practical Applications Flooring and Carpeting Find...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 2CECh. 2.2 - Practical Applications Roofing Shingles are laid...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 4CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 5CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 6CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 7CECh. 2.2 - Practical Applications Machine Trades What is the...Ch. 2.2 - Practical Applications Manufacturing How many...Ch. 2.2 - Practical Applications Plumbing A plumber cut...Ch. 2.2 - Practical Applications Machine Trades How far will...Ch. 2.2 - Practical Applications Landscaping A landscaping...Ch. 2.2 - Practical Applications Drafting If 38 in. on a...Ch. 2.2 - Practical Applications Manufacturing What is the...Ch. 2.2 - Practical Applications Machine Trades How long...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 16CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 17CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 18CECh. 2.2 - Practical Applications Photography A photograph...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 20CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 21CECh. 2.2 - Practical Applications Water/Wastewater Treatment...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 23CECh. 2.2 - Practical Applications Plumbing To find the degree...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 25CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 26CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 27CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 28CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 29CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 30CECh. 2.2 - Prob. 31CECh. 2.2 - C. Practical Applications Carpentry A carpenter is...Ch. 2.2 - C. Practical Applications Retail Merchandising...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 1LCCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2LCCh. 2.3 - Prob. 1AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 3AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 4AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 5AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 6AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 7AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 8AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 9AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 10AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 11AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 12AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 13AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 14AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 15AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 16AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 17AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 18AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 19AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 20AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 21AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 22AECh. 2.3 - Prob. 23AECh. 2.3 - Divide and write the answer in lowest terms....Ch. 2.3 - Drafting How many feet are represented by a 4-in....Ch. 2.3 - Drafting If 14in. on a drawing represents 1 ft 0...Ch. 2.3 - Flooring and Carpeting How many boards 458 in....Ch. 2.3 - Construction How many supporting columns 8812in....Ch. 2.3 - Construction How many pieces of 12in. plywood are...Ch. 2.3 - Masonry The front side of a standard brick...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 7BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 8BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 9BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 10BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 11BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 12BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 13BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 14BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 15BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 16BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 17BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 18BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 19BECh. 2.3 - Prob. 20BECh. 2.3 - Landscaping An agricultural supply yard sells...Ch. 2.4 - Write 18 as a product of its prime factors.Ch. 2.4 - What is the smallest number that 8 and 12 both...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 1AECh. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 512+1112Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 3AECh. 2.4 - Prob. 4AECh. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 3414Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 6AECh. 2.4 - Prob. 7AECh. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 512212Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 516+316+716Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 18+38+78Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 17838Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 39161516Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 14+12Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 716+38Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 58+112Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 512+316Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 1238Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 516332Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 151612Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 716132Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 35+18Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 23+45Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 7825Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 4914Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 12+1418Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 26AECh. 2.4 - Prob. 27AECh. 2.4 - Prob. 28AECh. 2.4 - Prob. 29AECh. 2.4 - Prob. 30AECh. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 213+115Ch. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 178+14Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 33AECh. 2.4 - Prob. 34AECh. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 3152112Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 36AECh. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 8278Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2BECh. 2.4 - Prob. 3BECh. 2.4 - Add or subtract as shown. 12+13+14+15Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 5BECh. 2.4 - Prob. 6BECh. 2.4 - Prob. 7BECh. 2.4 - Prob. 8BECh. 2.4 - B. Add or subtract as shown. 2316lessthan478Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 10BECh. 2.4 - B. Add or subtract as shown. 235 less than 612Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 12BECh. 2.4 - C. Practical Applications Construction The...Ch. 2.4 - C. Practical Applications Carpentry A countertop...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 3CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 4CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 5CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 6CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 7CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 8CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 9CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 10CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 11CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 12CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 13CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 14CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 15CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 16CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 17CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 18CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 19CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 20CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 21CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 22CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 23CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 24CECh. 2.4 - Prob. 25CECh. 2 - Work with fractions. (a) Write as a mixed number...Ch. 2 - Multiply and divide fractions. (a) 78532 (b) 41223...Ch. 2 - Add and subtract fractions. (a) 716+316 (b)...Ch. 2 - Solve practical problems involving fractions....Ch. 2 - A. Write as an improper fraction. 118Ch. 2 - A. Write as an improper fraction. 415Ch. 2 - A. Write as an improper fraction. 123Ch. 2 - A. Write as an improper fraction. 2316Ch. 2 - A. Write as an improper fraction. 3332Ch. 2 - Prob. 6APSCh. 2 - A. Write as an improper fraction. 158Ch. 2 - Prob. 8APSCh. 2 - A. Write as a mixed number. 104Ch. 2 - Prob. 10APSCh. 2 - A. Write as a mixed number. 253Ch. 2 - Prob. 12APSCh. 2 - Prob. 13APSCh. 2 - Prob. 14APSCh. 2 - A. Write as a mixed number. 354Ch. 2 - A. Write as a mixed number. 73Ch. 2 - A. Write in lowest terms. 632Ch. 2 - A. Write in lowest terms. 832Ch. 2 - A. Write in lowest terms. 1232Ch. 2 - Prob. 20APSCh. 2 - A. Write in lowest terms. 520Ch. 2 - Prob. 22APSCh. 2 - A. Write in lowest terms. 11620Ch. 2 - Prob. 24APSCh. 2 - A. Complete these. 34=?12Ch. 2 - Prob. 26APSCh. 2 - A. Complete these. 234=?16Ch. 2 - Prob. 28APSCh. 2 - A. Complete these. 523=?12Ch. 2 - Prob. 30APSCh. 2 - A. Complete these. 114=?12Ch. 2 - A. Complete these. 235=?10Ch. 2 - A. Circle the larger number. 716or215Ch. 2 - Prob. 34APSCh. 2 - A. Circle the larger number. 1316or78Ch. 2 - Prob. 36APSCh. 2 - A. Circle the larger number. 1332or35Ch. 2 - A. Circle the larger number. 210or316Ch. 2 - A. Circle the larger number. 1716 or 74Ch. 2 - Prob. 40APSCh. 2 - B. Multiply 12316Ch. 2 - Prob. 2BPSCh. 2 - B. Multiply 71643Ch. 2 - Prob. 4BPSCh. 2 - B. Multiply 11256Ch. 2 - B. Multiply 311615Ch. 2 - B. Multiply 316512Ch. 2 - Prob. 8BPSCh. 2 - B. Multiply 3410Ch. 2 - Prob. 10BPSCh. 2 - B. Multiply or divide as shown. 18112Ch. 2 - Prob. 12BPSCh. 2 - B. Multiply or divide as shown. 223438Ch. 2 - Prob. 14BPSCh. 2 - Multiply or divide as shown. 1214Ch. 2 - Prob. 16BPSCh. 2 - Multiply or divide as shown. 418Ch. 2 - Multiply or divide as shown. 834Ch. 2 - Multiply or divide as shown. 234Ch. 2 - Prob. 20BPSCh. 2 - Multiply or divide as shown. 3125Ch. 2 - Prob. 22BPSCh. 2 - Multiply or divide as shown. 234118Ch. 2 - Prob. 24BPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 38+78Ch. 2 - Prob. 2CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 332+18Ch. 2 - Prob. 4CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 35+56Ch. 2 - Prob. 6CPSCh. 2 - Prob. 7CPSCh. 2 - Prob. 8CPSCh. 2 - Prob. 9CPSCh. 2 - Prob. 10CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 78310Ch. 2 - Prob. 12CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 218+114Ch. 2 - Prob. 14CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 6112Ch. 2 - Prob. 16CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 323178Ch. 2 - Prob. 18CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 12+13+15Ch. 2 - Prob. 20CPSCh. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 312213Ch. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 2351415Ch. 2 - C. Add or subtract as shown. 2135Ch. 2 - Prob. 24CPSCh. 2 - D. Practical Applications Welding In a welding...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Machine Trades How many...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Welding A piece of metal...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Automotive Trades A...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Machine Trades A shaft...Ch. 2 - D Practical Applications Machine Trades A bar...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Manufacturing A cubic...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Manufacturing Find the...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Machine Trades What...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Machine Trades The Ace...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Carpentry What is the...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Construction For the...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Carpentry Find the...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Masonry Find the height...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Masonry If the wall in...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Electrical Trades An...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Printing An invitation...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Printing As a rule of...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Welding A 46-in. bar...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Construction If an...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Machine Trades If a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 22DPSCh. 2 - D. Practical Applications Landscaping A...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Machine Trades A machine...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Automotive Trades On a...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Automotive Trades A...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Allied Health One bottle...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Construction The...Ch. 2 - Prob. 29DPSCh. 2 - Prob. 30DPSCh. 2 - Flooring and Carpeting In the United States carpet...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Retail Merchandising In...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Retail Merchandising The...Ch. 2 - D. Practical Applications Carpentry A carpenter...
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