To explain: The significance of the oxygen–hemoglobin saturation curve for both alveolar and systemic gas exchange.
Concept introduction: One hemoglobin molecule contains four atoms that may bind to a maximum of four O2 molecules and form oxy-hemoglobin molecules. The amount of oxygen bind to hemoglobin is called as the percent O2 saturation of hemoglobin. The saturation of hemoglobin is determined by several variables. Partial pressure of oxygen is the most important variable for hemoglobin saturation. The binding of oxygen molecule with hemoglobin causes conformational changes in the hemoglobin molecule. The graphical relation between partial pressure of oxygen and percent O2 saturation of hemoglobin is expressed by oxygen–hemoglobin saturation curve.
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