Concept explainers
To write:
The characteristics of a pedigree for an autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive trait.
Introduction:
In a pedigree chart, affected family members are designated by solid circles or squares while carriers are shown by a spot in an open circle or square.
Autosomal Dominant inheritance will have at least one or both of the dominant allele in the genotype (Aa or AA) for it to be expressed. As one allele is sufficient for the phenotypic expression of the trait, there is no carrier. So, everyone in a family with the trait's genotype in consideration will be expressing the trait as well.
Autosomal Recessive inheritance will require both of the same alleles in the genotype (bb) for it to be expressed. The family members with a single recessive allele will be carriers of the condition or disease (Bb) and will not express the
As it requires two copies of the recessive allele for the condition to occur- one has to be inherited from maternal genes and the other has to be inherited from the paternal genes - so it is possible to inherit an autosomal recessive condition from unaffected parents. But both of the unaffected parents will be required to have at least one copy of concerned recessive allele, that is, they must be carriers, if not affected.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 23 Solutions
INQUIRY INTO LIFE ECOMM
- What are intrinsically disordered proteins, and how might they be useful for a living system?arrow_forwardWhat are Amyloid Fibrils? What biological functions are these known to perform?arrow_forwardHow do histamine and prostaglandins help in the mobilization of leukocytes to an injury site? What are chemotactic factors? How do they affect inflammation process?arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast neutrophils and macrophages. Describe two ways they are different and two ways they are similar.arrow_forwardDescribe the effects of three cytokines (not involved in the initial inflammation response). What cells release them?arrow_forwardDescribe activation of helper T cells or cytotoxic T cellsarrow_forward
- Compare and contrast MHC 1 and MHC 2. Describe two way they are different and two ways they similar including how they are used in antigen presentation.arrow_forwardDescribe two antimicrobial properties of the skin.arrow_forwardDescribe how the inflammation response starts including the sentinel cells and the chemicals involved. How do pathogens trigger the response particularly in the skin?arrow_forward
- How does complement promote the immune response? Describe three waysarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a possible mechanism for autoimmunity? Select one: A. Abnormal expression of MHC II molecules in non-antigen-presenting cells B. Activation of polyclonal B cells C. Polymorphism of HLA alleles D. Molecular mimicry E. Release of sequestered antigensarrow_forwardWRITTEN WORK 3: NON-MENDELIAN GENETICS Part A: Complete the Punnett square and calculate for the probability of genotype and phenotype. i i Genotype: Phenotype: 08:55arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education