Chapter 23, Problem 27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of the given compound and the mechanism of the given reaction are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

${}^1\text{H }$ NMR (hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance) is an analytical technique in chemistry to determine the purity and molecular structure of a compound.

${}^{13}\text{C}$ NMR, or the carbon-$13$ nuclear magnetic resonance, is an analytical technique in chemistry to identify the carbon atoms in the structure of a compound. It is an important tool in structure elucidation of organic compounds. However, it can only detect the ${\text{C}}^{13}$ isotope, and not ${\text{C}}^{12}$, as the latter has zero net spins.

To determine the actual structure of organic compounds, IR spectroscopy (Infrared spectroscopy) is an invaluable tool. The use of electromagnetic radiation is involved in IR spectroscopy with frequencies ranging from $4000-400{\text{ cm}}^{-1}$.

Transesterification is a process in which the R group of an ester is exchanged with an R group of an alcohol. This process takes place in the presence of a base catalyst or an acid catalyst.