Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Based on
Concept introduction:
According to valence bond theory, complex ions have coordinate covalent bonds between
Ligands (Lewis bases) and metal ions (Lewis acids).
A coordinate covalent bond is a bond formed when both electrons came from one atom.
Valence bond theory, which helps explain bonding and structure in main-group compounds (can also be used to describe bonding in complex ions.
In the formation of a complex ion, the filled ligand orbital overlaps an empty metal-ion
orbital: the ligand (Lewis base) donates an electron pair, and the metal ion (Lewis acid)
accepts it to form a covalent bond in the complex ion (Lewis adduct).
A bond in which one atom contributes both electrons is a coordinate covalent bond; once
formed, it is identical to any covalent single bond.
The VB concept of hybridization proposes mixing particular combinations of
Let’s discuss orbital combinations that lead to octahedral, square planar, and tetrahedral geometries.
(b)
Interpretation:
Based on valence bond theory, which set of orbitals is used by a period 4 metal ion in forming a tetrahedral complex has to be explained.
Concept introduction:
According to valence bond theory, complex ions have coordinate covalent bonds between
Ligands (Lewis bases) and metal ions (Lewis acids).
A coordinate covalent bond is a bond formed when both electrons came from one atom.
Valence bond theory, which helps explain bonding and structure in main-group compounds (can also be used to describe bonding in complex ions.
In the formation of a complex ion, the filled ligand orbital overlaps an empty metal-ion
orbital: the ligand (Lewis base) donates an electron pair, and the metal ion (Lewis acid)
accepts it to form a covalent bond in the complex ion (Lewis adduct).
A bond in which one atom contributes both electrons is a coordinate covalent bond; once
formed, it is identical to any covalent single bond.
The VB concept of hybridization proposes mixing particular combinations of
Let’s discuss orbital combinations that lead to octahedral, square planar, and tetrahedral geometries.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR NATURE ALEKS ACCESS
- Nonearrow_forward3. A molecular form of "dicarbon", C2, can be generated in gas phase. Its bond dissociation energy has been determined at 599 kJ/mol. Use molecular orbital theory to explain why energy of dissociation for C₂+ is 513 kJ/mol, and that for C2² is 818 kJ/mol. (10 points)arrow_forward9.73 g of lead(IV) chloride contains enough Cl- ions to make ____ g of magnesium chloride.arrow_forward
- 6. a) C2's. Phosphorus pentafluoride PF5 belongs to D3h symmetry group. Draw the structure of the molecule, identify principal axis of rotation and perpendicular (4 points) b) assume that the principal axis of rotation is aligned with z axis, assign symmetry labels (such as a1, b2, etc.) to the following atomic orbitals of the P atom. (character table for this group is included in the Supplemental material). 3s 3pz (6 points) 3dz²arrow_forward2. Construct Lewis-dot structures, and draw VESPR models for the ions listed below. a) SiF5 (4 points) b) IOF4 (4 points)arrow_forward5. Complex anion [AuCl2]¯ belongs to Doh symmetry point group. What is the shape of this ion? (4 points)arrow_forward
- 4. Assign the following molecules to proper point groups: Pyridine N 1,3,5-triazine N Narrow_forward7. a) Under normal conditions (room temperature & atmospheric pressure) potassium assumes bcc lattice. Atomic radius for 12-coordinate K atom is listed as 235 pm. What is the radius of potassium atom under normal conditions? (3 points) b) Titanium metal crystallyzes in hcp lattice. Under proper conditions nitrogen can be absorbed into the lattice of titanium resulting in an alloy of stoichiometry TiNo.2. Is this compound likely to be a substitutional or an interstitial alloy? (Radius of Ti (12-coordinate) is 147 pm; radius of N atom is 75 pm. (3 points)arrow_forwardcan someone answer the questions and draw out the complete mechanismarrow_forward
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