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Introduction:
Answer to Problem 1TYR
Correct answer:
Micturition occurs when the detrusor contracts. Therefore, option a is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Justify reasons for the correct statement:
When the bladder is getting filled with the urine, it is essential for the urethral sphincters to be closed and the detrusor to relax. This occurs by the sympathetic pathways, which is originating from the upper lumbar spinal cord. The process of micturition is also called as “voiding”. The act of micturition can be controlled by micturition reflex.
Option (a) is given as, “detrusor”.
The bladder is filled with the urine when the detrusor get relaxed. But, the contraction of the sphincters occurs in order to ensure retention of the urine (in bladder) until the volunteer make null.
Hence, option (a) is correct.
Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option (b) is given as, “internal urethral sphincter”.
In men, the neck of the bladder and urethra is encircled by a smooth muscle. The sympathetic nervous system is abundantly innervated and gets thickened into a collar of muscle, which is called as the internal urethral sphincter. During ejaculation, it prevents the reflux of semen into the bladder. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option (c) is given as, “external urethral sphincter”.
An external urethral sphincter is present in both sexes. It is of skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra where it moves through the pelvic floor. The voluntary control (voiding of urine) is delivered by the external urethral sphincter. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option (d) is given as, “muscularis of the ureter”.
It is one of the three layers of the ureter. The draining of the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder is achieved by a peristaltic wave, which is initiated by the muscularis of the ureter. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option (e) is given as, “all of the above”.
The micturition occurs when the detrusor contracts. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options (b), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.
Micturition happens when parasympathetic stimulates detrusor to contract.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: THE UNITY OF
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