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Concept introduction: The symbiotic association between two species in which both the species benefit more than it costs them to interact with each other is known as mutualism. Organisms have profit from the symbiotic relationships in various ways for survival.
Answer to Problem 1SQ
Correct answer: The advantages received by a partner in a mutualism can include food, protection, and an increased reproduction. Therefore, option d. is the correct answer.
Explanation of Solution
Reasons for the correct statement:
Option d. is given as “all of the above”. Mutualism develops the benefits of the interactions to both the partners. The advantages of mutualism partner include gut mutualism, protection mutualism, reproductive mutualism, or pollinator mutualism. There are various organisms that they live in the digestive tract of the animal, which receive food from their host and give advantage to the host by digesting the foods. There are some aggressive ants that protect their host from the predators are the example of predator mutualism. In reproductive mutualism or pollinator mutualism, some organisms such as honey bee transfers pollen from one flower to another of the same species. Without the pollinators the plants are unable to reproduce.
Hence, option d. is the correct answer.
Reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option a. is given as “food”. Mutualism develops the benefits of interaction that includes food, protection, and increased reproduction. In this option, only food is given. Protection and increased reproduction are also the advantages of mutualism. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as “protection”. Mutualism develops the benefits of interaction that includes food, protection, and increased reproduction. In this option, only protection is given. Food and increased reproduction are also the advantages of mutualism. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as “increased reproduction”. Mutualism develops the benefits of interaction that includes food, protection, and increased reproduction. In this option, only an increased reproduction is given. Food and protection are also the advantages of mutualism. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.
Hence, options a., b., and c. are incorrect.
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