Lab Manual for Biology
Lab Manual for Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781259298516
Author: Sylvia S. Mader Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 23, Problem 1NS.1QC
Summary Introduction

To determine:

The determination of the age of bryophytes present in the retreating glaciers is useful information.

Introduction:

Bryophytes are non-vascular, seedless plants. They are the most primitive land plants. They lack true stem, leaves and roots. Bryophytes require moist atmosphere for growth. They are photosynthetic plants. They include liverworts, hornworts and mosses.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

Glaciologists are those who study glaciers to know about the pre-historic world. With the help of glaciers they can determine the previous atmosphere, types of plants and animals that have evolved and lived thousand years ago on earth. The melting and retreating of glaciers due to environmental change helps to discover the remains of pre-existing organisms buried in glaciers.

Bryophytes were the first land plants that were evolved and they lack true stem, roots and leaves. They were able to tolerate the extreme conditions. The tissue samples are collected from gametophytes such as rhizoids, leaf and stem structures help to retrieve information about the growth and the differentiation of these plants. It also provides clue for tolerant capacity of bryophyte in extreme conditions. Their age is also determined by the study of glaciers and it is estimated that their age is not more than 400 years.

Conclusion

The study of glaciers provides the information related to the age of the bryophyte, the factors responsible for their tolerance against extreme conditions, and their evolution evidences.

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foraging/diet type teeth tongue stomach intestines cecum Insectivory numerous, spiky, incisors procumbentExample: moleExample: shrew -- simple short mostly lacking Myrmecophagy absent or reduced in numbers, peg-likeExample: tamandua anteater extremely long simple, often roughened short small or lacking Terrestrial carnivory sharp incisors; long, conical canines; often carnassial cheek teeth; may have crushing molarsExample: dog -- simple short small Aquatic carnivory homodont, spiky, numerousExample: common dolphin -- simple or multichambered (cetaceans only) variable small or absent Sanguinivory very sharp upper incisors; reduced cheek teethExample: vampire bat grooved tubular, highly extensible long small or lacking Herbivory (except nectivores) incisors robust or absent; canines reduced or absent; diastema; cheek teeth enlarged with complex occlusal surfacesExample: beaver -- simple (hindgut fermenters) or multichambered (ruminants) long large Filter feeding none…
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