
Concept explainers
To prepare:
Monthly sales budget

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
A sales budget is a budget which is used to estimate the expected units of sales in dollars and also helps to determine the estimated earnings during a period.
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Monthly sales budget (in units and sales value) | |||||
| | | | | |
| January | February | March | Quarter | |
Sales in units | 6,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 24,000 | |
Selling price per unit | $45 | $45 | $45 | $45 | |
Dollar sales value($) | 270,000 | 360,000 | 450,000 | 1,080,000 |
Explanation of Solution
Dollar sales value for each month is calculated as follows-
Dollar sales value=Sales in units×Selling price per unitDollar sales value for January=6,000×$45Dollar sales value for January=$270,000Dollar sales value for February=8,000×$45Dollar sales value for February=$360,000Dollar sales value for March=10,000×$45Dollar sales value for March=$450,000Dollar sales value for Quarter=24,000×$45Dollar sales value for Quarter=$1,080,000
Thus, the monthly sales budget has been prepared both in units and sales value.
To prepare:
Merchandise purchases budget

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
Budgeted purchases: Budgeted purchases are the estimates of purchases of a particular month based on the sales requirement and ending inventory requirement and the budgeted beginning inventory.
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Monthly merchandise purchases budgets | |||||
| | | | | |
| January | February | March | Quarter | |
Budgeted Sales for the month | 6,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | | |
Ending inventory in units | 2,000 | 2,500 | 2,250 | | |
Total Needs | 8,000 | 10,500 | 12,250 | | |
Less: Beginning inventory | (5,000) | (2,000) | (2,500) | | |
Merchandise purchases in units required | 3,000 | 8,500 | 9,750 | | |
Cost per unit | $30 | $30 | $30 | | |
Dollar value of purchases ($) | 90,000 | 255,000 | 292,500 | 637,500 |
Explanation of Solution
First, ending inventory in units is required to be calculated-
Calculation of ending inventory in units is as under-
Ending inventory requirement = 25% of Next Months Expected sales unitsEnding inventory requirement for January =25%X Expected sales units for FebruaryEnding inventory requirement for January =25%X 8,000 unitsEnding inventory requirement for January =2,000 unitsEnding inventory requirement for February =25%X Expected sales units for MarchEnding inventory requirement for February =25% X 10,000 unitsEnding inventory requirement for February =2,500 unitsEnding inventory requirement for March =25%X Expected sales units for AprilEnding inventory requirement for March =25% X 9,000unitsEnding inventory requirement for March = 2,250 units
Now, Merchandise purchases required is to be calculated-
Required merchandise purchases= Ending Inventory + Expected sales of the month – Beginning Inventory
Given, Expected sales of the month-
- January − 6,000 units
- February − 8,000 units
- March − 10,000 units Ending inventory −
- January − 2,000 units
- February − 2,500 units
- March − 2,250 units Beginning inventory-
- Ending inventory of the previous month shall be beginning inventory of current month.
- January − 5,000 units (given)
- February - 2,000 units
- March − 2,500 units Total requirement for the month of January, February and March-
Required merchandise purchases= Ending Inventory + Expected sales of the month – Beginning InventoryRequired merchandise purchases for January=2,000 units+6,000 units–5,000 unitsRequired merchandise purchases for January=3,000 unitsRequired merchandise purchases for February=2,500 units+8,000 units–2,000 unitsRequired merchandise purchases for February =8,500unitsRequired merchandise purchases for March=2,250 units+10,000 units–2,500 unitsRequired merchandise purchases for March=9,750units
Dollar Value of purchases is calculated as follows-
Dollar value of purchase =Required merchandise purchase × Cost per unitDollar value of purchase for January=3,000 units×$30Dollar value of purchase for January=$90,000Dollar value of purchase for February=8,500 units×$30Dollar value of purchase for February=$255,000Dollar value of purchase for March=9,750 units×$30Dollar value of purchase for March=$292,500
Thus, the merchandise purchase budget has been prepared for the months of January, February and March.
To prepare:
Monthly selling expense Budget

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Monthly Selling Expense budgets | |||||
| | | | ||
| January ($) | February ($) | March ($) | ||
Sales commissions | 54,000 | 72,000 | 90,000 | ||
Sales salaries | 7,500 | 7,500 | 7,500 | ||
Selling expenses | 61,500 | 79,500 | 97,500 |
Explanation of Solution
First we need to calculate Sales commissions.
Calculation of sales commission is as under-
Sales Commission=20%×SalesSales Commission for January=20%×$270,000Sales Commission for January=$54,000Sales Commission for February=20%×$360,000Sales Commission for February=$72,000Sales Commission for March=20%×$450,000Sales Commission for March=$90,000
Sales salary for each month-
Sales salary for each month=$90,00012 monthsSales salary for each month=$7,500
Selling expense for each month is calculated as under-
Selling Expense=Sales Commission+Sales salarySelling Expense for January=$54,000+$7,500Selling Expense for January=$61,500Selling Expense for February=$72,000+$7,500Selling Expense for February=$79,500Selling Expense for March=$90,000+$7,500Selling Expense for March=$97,500
Thus, the selling expense budget is prepared for the month of January, February and March.
To prepare:
Monthly general and administrative expense Budget

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Monthly general and administrative budgets | |||||
| | | | ||
| January | February | March | ||
General and administrative salaries | 12,000 | 12,000 | 12,000 | ||
Maintenance expense | 3,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | ||
Total general and administrative expenses | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 |
Explanation of Solution
Given: Maintenance Expense = $3,000 per month
General and administrative salaries for each month-
General and administrative salaries for each month=Total salary for year12 monthsGeneral and administrative salaries for each month=$144,00012 monthsGeneral and administrative salaries for each month=$12,000
Total General and administrative expenses for each month is calculated as under-
Total General and administrative expenses= General and administrative salaries+Maintenance ExpenseTotal General and administrative expenses for January=$12,000+$3,000Total General and administrative expenses for January=$15,000Total General and administrative expenses for February=$12,000+$3,000Total General and administrative expenses for February=$15,000Total General and administrative expenses for March=$12,000+$3,000Total General and administrative expenses for March=$15,000
Thus, the general and administrative expenses budget is prepared for the month of January, February and March.
To prepare:
Monthly capital expenditures Budget

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Capital Expenditures budget | |||||
| | | | | |
| January | February | March | Quarter | |
Purchase of Equipment | 72,000 | 96,000 | 28,800 | 196,800 | |
Purchase of Land | 0 | 0 | 150,000 | 150,000 | |
Total Capital expenditure | 72,000 | 96,000 | 178,800 | 346,800 |
Explanation of Solution
Given-
- Purchase of Equipment in January = $72,000
- Purchase of Equipment in February = $96,000
- Purchase of Equipment in March = $28,800
- Purchase of Land in March = $150,000
Total capital expenditure in March= Purchase of Equipment+ Purchase of LandTotal capital expenditure in March=$28,800 + $150,000Total capital expenditure in March=$178,800
Thus, Capital expenditure budget is prepared.
To prepare:
Monthly

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Monthly cash budgets | |||||
| | | | ||
| January | February | March | ||
Beginning cash balance | 36,000 | 198,000 | 123,000 | ||
Cash receipts: | | | | ||
Cash sales | 67,500 | 90,000 | 112,500 | ||
Collection from - | | | | ||
Beginning | 315,000 | 210,000 | | ||
Credit sales of January | | 121,500 | 81,000 | ||
Credit sales of February | | | 162,000 | ||
Total cash receipts | 382,500 | 421,500 | 355,500 | ||
Total cash available | 418,500 | 619,500 | 478,500 | ||
Less: Cash disbursements- | | | | ||
Merchandise purchases | | | | ||
Beginning accounts payable | 72,000 | 288,000 | | ||
January accounts payable | | 18,000 | 72,000 | ||
February accounts payable | | | 51,000 | ||
Selling expenses | 61,500 | 79,500 | 97,500 | ||
General and administrative expenses | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | ||
Capital Expenditure | 72,000 | 96,000 | 178,800 | ||
Taxes | | | 90,000 | ||
Total cash disbursements | 220,500 | 496,500 | 504,300 | ||
Surplus/ ( deficiency) of cash | 198,000 | 123,000 | (25,800) | ||
Borrowing / ( Repayment) | | | 61,800 | ||
Ending cash balance | 198,000 | 123,000 | 36,000 |
Explanation of Solution
Cash sales = 25% ×Total sales of the monthCash sales for January=25%×$270,000Cash sales for January=$67,500Cash sales for February=25%×$360,000Cash sales for February=$90,000Cash sales for March=25%×$450,000Cash sales for March=$112,500
Beginning accounts receivable-
Given-
- January-$315,000
- February-$210,000 Credit Sales-
For the month of February-
Credit sale receipt in the month of February=60%×January Credit salesCredit sale receipt in the month of February=60%×[Total January sales ×75%]Credit sale receipt in the month of February=60%×[$270,000×75%]Credit sale receipt in the month of February=60%×$202,500Credit sale receipt in the month of February=$121,500
For the month of March-
Credit sale receipt ={40%×January Credit sales}+{60%×February Credit sales}Credit sale receipt ={40%×[Total January sales ×75%]}+{60%×[Total February sales ×75%]}Credit sale receipt ={40%×[$270,000×75%]}+{60%×[$360,000×75%]}Credit sale receipt ={40%×$202,500}+{60%×$270,000}Credit sale receipt =$81,000+$162,000Credit sale receipt =$243,000
Beginning accounts payable-
Given-
- January-$72,000
- February-$288,000 Calculation of accounts payable is as under-
For the month of February-
Accounts payable=20%×January purchasesAccounts payable=20%×$90,000Accounts payable=$18,000
For the month of March-
Accounts payable=(80%×January purchases)+(20%×February purchases)Accounts payable=(80%×$90,000)+(20%×$255,000)Accounts payable=$72,000+$51,000Accounts payable=$123,000
Requirement 7-
To prepare:
Requirement 7-

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Income Statement | |||||
| | | |||
Particulars | Amount ($) | Amount ($) | |||
Sales | | 1,080,000 | |||
Cost of merchandise sold | | 720,000 | |||
Gross Profit | | 360,000 | |||
Operating expenses: | | | |||
Selling expenses | 238,500 | | |||
General and administrative expenses | 45,000 | | |||
21,425 | 304,925 | ||||
Income before tax | | 55,075 | |||
Tax @ 40% | | 22,030 | |||
Net operating income | | 33,045 |
Explanation of Solution
Income before tax= Sales−Cost of goods sold−Selling Expense−General and administrative expenses− Depreciation expenseIncome before tax=$1,080,000−$720,000−$238,500−$45,000−$21,425Income before tax=$55,075
Tax Expense-
Tax Expense=Income before tax×Tax RateTax Expense=$55,075×40%Tax Expense=22,030
Net Operating income is calculated as under-
Net Operating income= Income before tax−Tax ExpenseNet Operating income=$55,075−$22,030Net Operating income=33,045
Thus, Income statement is prepared for the quarter.
To prepare:
Budgeted

Answer to Problem 8BPSB
Solution:
ISLE Corporation | |||||
Balance sheet as of March 31, 2016 | |||||
| | | |||
Amount ($) | Amount ($) | ||||
Assets | | | |||
Cash | 36,000 | | |||
Accounts receivable | 445,500 | | |||
Inventory | 67,500 | | |||
Total current assets | | 549,000 | |||
Land | | 150,000 | |||
Equipment gross | 736,800 | | |||
(88,925) | | ||||
Equipment net | | 647,875 | |||
Total assets | | 1,346,875 | |||
| | ||||
Accounts payable | 496,500 | | |||
Bank loan payable | 76,800 | | |||
Tax payable | 22,030 | | |||
Current liabilities | | 595,330 | |||
Common stock | | 472,500 | |||
| 279,045 | ||||
Total Stockholder's Equity and Liabilities | 1,346,875 |
Explanation of Solution
Assets
Given,
Land = $150,000 (from Requirement 5)
Cash = $36,000 (from Requirement 6)
Accounts receivable-
Accounts receivable=Beginning receivables+ Credit sales−CollectionsAccounts receivable=$525,000+$810,000−$889,500Accounts receivable=$445,500
Inventory-
Inventory=Beginning inventory+Purchases−Cost of goods soldInventory=$150,000+$637,500−$720,000Inventory=$67,500
Calculation of total current assets is as under-
Current assets= Cash + Accounts receivable+InventoryCurrent assets=$36,000+$445,500+$67,500Current assets=$549,000
Accumulated Depreciation-
Accumulated depreciation=Beginning Accumulated depreciation+Depreciation expensesAccumulated depreciation=$67,500+$21,425Accumulated depreciation=$88,925
Equipment-
Equipment =Equipment gross−Accumulated DepreciationEquipment =$736,800−$88,925Equipment ==$647,875
Calculation of total assets is as under-
Total Assets=Total Current assets+Land+EquipmentTotal Assets=$549,000+$150,000+$647,875Total Assets=$1,346,875
Total Stockholder's Equity and Liabilities
Given,
Taxes payable = 22,030 (from requirement 7)
Common stock = $472,500
Accounts payable-
Accounts payable =Beginning payables+Purchases−PaymentsAccounts payable =$360,000+$637,500−$501,000Accounts payable =$496,500
Calculation of Current liabilities is as under-
Current liabilities=Accounts payable+Bank loan payable+Taxes payableCurrent liabilities=$496,500+$76,800+$22,030Current liabilities= $595,330
Retained earnings-
Retained earnings = Beginning retained earnings + Net IncomeRetained earnings =$246,000+$33,045Retained earnings =$279,045
Calculation of Total Stockholder's Equity and Liabilities is as under-
Total Stockholder'
Thus, Budgeted balance sheet is prepared with total of $1,346,875.
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