Elementary Statistics (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134462455
Author: Mario F. Triola
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2.2, Problem 4BSC
Blood Platelet Counts If we collect a sample of blood platelet counts much larger than the sample included with Exercise 3, and if our sample includes a single outlier, how will that outlier appear in a histogram?
3. Blood Platelet Counts Listed below are blood platelet counts (1000cells/μL) randomly selected from adults in the United States. Why does it not make sense to construct a histogram for this data set?
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3. Bayesian Inference – Updating Beliefs
A medical test for a rare disease has the following characteristics:
Sensitivity (true positive rate): 99%
Specificity (true negative rate): 98%
The disease occurs in 0.5% of the population.
A patient receives a positive test result.
Questions:
a) Define the relevant events and use Bayes’ Theorem to compute the probability that the patient actually has the disease.b) Explain why the result might seem counterintuitive, despite the high sensitivity and specificity.c) Discuss how prior probabilities influence posterior beliefs in Bayesian inference.d) Suppose a second, independent test with the same accuracy is conducted and is also positive. Update the probability that the patient has the disease.
4. Linear Regression - Model Assumptions and Interpretation
A real estate analyst is studying how house prices (Y) are related to house size in square feet (X). A simple
linear regression model is proposed:
The analyst fits the model and obtains:
•
Ŷ50,000+150X
YBoB₁X + €
•
R² = 0.76
• Residuals show a fan-shaped pattern when plotted against fitted values.
Questions:
a) Interpret the slope coefficient in context.
b) Explain what the R² value tells us about the model's performance.
c) Based on the residual pattern, what regression assumption is likely violated? What might be the
consequence?
d) Suggest at least two remedies to improve the model, based on the residual analysis.
5. Probability Distributions – Continuous Random Variables
A factory machine produces metal rods whose lengths (in cm) follow a continuous uniform distribution on the interval [98, 102].
Questions:
a) Define the probability density function (PDF) of the rod length.b) Calculate the probability that a randomly selected rod is shorter than 99 cm.c) Determine the expected value and variance of rod lengths.d) If a sample of 25 rods is selected, what is the probability that their average length is between 99.5 cm and 100.5 cm? Justify your answer using the appropriate distribution.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Elementary Statistics (13th Edition)
Ch. 2.1 - McDonalds Dinner Service Times Refer 10 the...Ch. 2.1 - McDonalds Dinner Service Times Refer to the...Ch. 2.1 - Relative Frequency Distribution Use percentages to...Ch. 2.1 - Whats Wrong? Heights of adult males are known to...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercise 58, identify the class width, class...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 58, identify the class width, class...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 58, identify the class width, class...Ch. 2.1 - In Exercises 58, identify the class width, class...Ch. 2.1 - Normal Distributions. In Exercises 9 and 10, using...Ch. 2.1 - Normal Distributions. In Exercises 9 and 10, using...
Ch. 2.1 - Constructing Frequency Distributions. In Exercises...Ch. 2.1 - Constructing Frequency Distributions. In Exercises...Ch. 2.1 - Constructing Frequency Distributions. In Exercises...Ch. 2.1 - Burger King Dinner Service Times Refer to Data Set...Ch. 2.1 - Wendys Lunch Service Times Refer to Data Set 25...Ch. 2.1 - Wendys Dinner Service Times Refer to Data Set 25...Ch. 2.1 - Analysis of Last Digits Heights of statistics...Ch. 2.1 - Analysis of Last Digits Weights of respondents...Ch. 2.1 - Oscar Winners Construct one table (similar to...Ch. 2.1 - Blood Platelet Counts Construct one table (similar...Ch. 2.1 - Cumulative Frequency Distributions. In Exercises...Ch. 2.1 - Cumulative Frequency Distributions. In Exercises...Ch. 2.1 - Categorical Data. In Exercises 23 and 24, use the...Ch. 2.1 - Categorical Data. In Exercises 23 and 24, use the...Ch. 2.1 - Large Data Sets. Exercises 2528 involve large sets...Ch. 2.1 - Large Data Sets. Exercises 2528 involve large sets...Ch. 2.1 - Large Data Sets. Exercises 2528 involve large sets...Ch. 2.1 - Large Data Sets. Exercises 2528 involve large sets...Ch. 2.1 - Interpreting Effects of Outliers Refer to Data Set...Ch. 2.2 - Heights Heights of adult males are normally...Ch. 2.2 - More Heights The population of heights of adult...Ch. 2.2 - Blood Platelet Counts Listed below are blood...Ch. 2.2 - Blood Platelet Counts If we collect a sample of...Ch. 2.2 - Interpreting a Histogram. In Exercises 58, answer...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 6BSCCh. 2.2 - Interpreting a Histogram. In Exercises 58, answer...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 8BSCCh. 2.2 - Constructing Histograms. In Exercises 9-16,...Ch. 2.2 - Constructing Histograms. In Exercises 9-16,...Ch. 2.2 - Burger King Lunch Service Times Use the frequency...Ch. 2.2 - Burger King Dinner Service Times Use the frequency...Ch. 2.2 - Wendys Lunch Service Times Use the frequency...Ch. 2.2 - Wendys Dinner Service Times Use the frequency...Ch. 2.2 - Analysis of Last Digits Use the frequency...Ch. 2.2 - Analysis of Last Digits Use the frequency...Ch. 2.2 - Back-to-Back Relative Frequency Histograms When...Ch. 2.2 - Interpreting Normal Quantile Plots Which of the...Ch. 2.3 - Body Temperatures Listed below are body...Ch. 2.3 - Voluntary Response Data If we have a large...Ch. 2.3 - Ethics There are data showing that smoking is...Ch. 2.3 - CVDOT Section 2-1 introduced important...Ch. 2.3 - Dotplots. In Exercises 5 and 6, construct the...Ch. 2.3 - Diastolic Blood Pressure Listed below are...Ch. 2.3 - Stem plots. In Exercises 7 and 8, construct the...Ch. 2.3 - Stemplots. In Exercises 7 and 8, construct the...Ch. 2.3 - Time-Series Graphs. In Exercises 9 and 10,...Ch. 2.3 - Time-Series Graphs. In Exercises 9 and 10,...Ch. 2.3 - Pareto Charts. In Exercises 11 and 12 construct...Ch. 2.3 - Pareto Charts. In Exercises 11 and 12 construct...Ch. 2.3 - Pie Charts. In Exercises 13 and 14, construct the...Ch. 2.3 - Pie Charts. In Exercises 13 and 14, construct the...Ch. 2.3 - Frequency Polygon. In Exercises 15 and 16,...Ch. 2.3 - Frequency Polygon. In Exercises 15 and 16,...Ch. 2.3 - Self-Driving Vehicles In a survey of adults,...Ch. 2.3 - Deceptive Graphs. In Exercises 17-20, identify how...Ch. 2.3 - Deceptive Graphs. In Exercises 17-20, identify how...Ch. 2.3 - Deceptive Graphs. In Exercises 17-20, identify how...Ch. 2.3 - Expanded Stemplots A stemplot can be condensed by...Ch. 2.4 - Linear Correlation In this section we use r to...Ch. 2.4 - Causation A study has shown that there is a...Ch. 2.4 - Scanerplot What is a scatterplot and how does it...Ch. 2.4 - Estimating r For each of the following, estimate...Ch. 2.4 - Scatterplot. In Exercises 5-8, use the sample data...Ch. 2.4 - Scatterplot. In Exercises 5-8, use the sample data...Ch. 2.4 - Scatterplot. In Exercises 5-8, use the sample data...Ch. 2.4 - Scatterplot. In Exercises 5-8, use the sample data...Ch. 2.4 - Linear Correlation Coefficient In Exercises 9-12,...Ch. 2.4 - Linear Correlation Coefficient In Exercises 9-12,...Ch. 2.4 - Linear Correlation Coefficient In Exercises 9-12,...Ch. 2.4 - Using the data from Exercise 8 Heights of Fathers...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 13BBCh. 2.4 - P-Values In Exercises 13-16, write a statement...Ch. 2.4 - P-Values In Exercises 13-16, write a statement...Ch. 2.4 - P-Values In Exercises 13-16, write a statement...Ch. 2 - Cookies Refer to the accompanying frequency...Ch. 2 - Cookies Using the same frequency distribution from...Ch. 2 - Cookies Using the same frequency distribution from...Ch. 2 - Cookies A stemplot of the same cookies summarized...Ch. 2 - Computers As a quality control manager at Texas...Ch. 2 - Distribution of Wealth In recent years, there has...Ch. 2 - Health Test In an investigation of a relationship...Ch. 2 - Lottery In Floridas Play 4 lottery game, four...Ch. 2 - Seatbelts The Beams Seatbelts company...Ch. 2 - Seatbelts A histogram is to be constructed from...Ch. 2 - Frequency Distribution of Body Temperatures...Ch. 2 - Histogram of Body Temperatures Construct the...Ch. 2 - Dotplot of Body Temperatures Construct a dotplot...Ch. 2 - Stemplot of Body Temperatures Construct a stemplot...Ch. 2 - Body Temperatures Listed below are the...Ch. 2 - Environment a. After collecting the average (mean)...Ch. 2 - Its Like Time Do This Exercise In a Marist survey...Ch. 2 - Whatever Use the same data from Exercise 7 to...Ch. 2 - In Exercises 1-6 refer to the data below, which...Ch. 2 - Frequency Distribution For the frequency...Ch. 2 - In Exercises 1-6, refer to the data below, which...Ch. 2 - In Exercises 1-6, refer to the data below, which...Ch. 2 - In Exercises 1-6, refer to the data below, which...Ch. 2 - Data Type a. The listed playing times are all...Ch. 2 - It was stated in this chapter that the days of...Ch. 2 - Fast Food Restaurant Drive-Through Service Times:...
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