Chapter 22, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be written that the appropriate sequence of equations for each of the given transformation.

Concept introduction:

The alcohols on reaction with thionyl chloride give alkyl chloride.

The nitriles can be prepared by the reaction of alkyl halide with potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide.

The cyanide (nitrile) can be reduced to a primary amine by the action of lithium aluminum hydride $\left({\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}\right)$ followed by water.

The secondary alcohol on oxidation with strong oxidizing agent chromic acid forms ketone.

The cyanohydrin can be prepared by the addition of hydrogen cyanide to carbonyl carbon of aldehyde or ketone.

The dehydration of alcohol is the loss of ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ molecule to form a corresponding alkene. The $\text{H}$ and $\text{OH}$ eliminates from the adjacent carbons.

The primary amine on reaction with alkyl halide gives secondary amine.

The alkyl bromide can be prepared by the reaction of alcohol with phosphorus tribromide $\left({\text{PBr}}_{\text{3}}\right)$.

The aqueous ammonia on reaction with epoxide acts as a nucleophile and attacks at ??

The acetal carbon is the carbon bonded to two alkoxy groups.

The primary alcohol on oxidation with pyridinium dichromate $\left(\text{PDC}\right)$ or pyridinium chlorochromate $\left(\text{PCC}\right)$ in dichloromethane gives aldehyde.

The cyclic acetal can be hydrolyzed in an acidic condition to form a ketone or aldehyde and corresponding vicinal diol.

The reaction of the secondary amine with an aldehyde or ketone followed by dehydration forms an enamine.

The enamines on catalytic hydrogenation forms tertiary amine.