P B Isotherms A -T; T; V Figure 21.15 (Quick Quiz 21.5) An ideal gas is taken from tem- perature T, to T, via two different paths.
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An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature Ti to a higher final temperature Tf along two different reversible paths as shown. Path A is at constant pressure, and path B is at constant volume. What is the relation between the entropy changes of the gas for these paths? (a) ΔSA > ΔSB (b) ΔSA = ΔSB (c) ΔSA < ΔSB
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- We trapped 28 kg of dry air, and it initially has standard pressure and temperature. The trapped air parcel rises in the atmosphere until the temperature is 188 K. What is the change in entropy if the pressure decreases by 28% after the parcel rises?A 23.9 g block of copper whose temperature is 382 K is placed in an insulating box with a 57.3 g block of lead whose temperature is 228 K. (a) What is the equilibrium temperature of the two-block system? (b) What is the change in the internal energy of the two-block system between the initial state and the equilibrium state? (c) What is the change in the entropy of the two-block system? The heat capacities of copper and lead are 386 J/kg-K and 128 J/kg-K, respectively. (a) Number i (b) Number i (c) Number i Units Units UnitsConsider 4.00 mol of an ideal gas with a constant‑volume molar specific heat of 12.5 J/(mol·K), an initial temperature of 26.8 ∘C, and an initial pressure of 5.710×104 Pa. The state of the gas is then changed to a final temperature of 48.1 ∘C and a final pressure of 3.090×104 Pa. What is the change in the entropy Δ? of the gas during this process? The gas constant is 8.31 J/(mol·K).
- Two moles of an ideal gas undergo an irreversible isothermal expansion fromVa=100 liters to Vb=300 liters at T=300K.(a) What is the entropy change for this process?(b) What is the Gibbs free energy change?(c) Is this process spontaneous or not? Explain your answer.A 0.50-kg piece of aluminum at 250 °C is dropped into 1.0 kg of water at 20 °C . After equilibrium is reached, what is the net entropy change of the system?The entropy of a reversible process is Tds = du + pdv Obtain an expression for the change of entropy as a function of cp, P and T.
- How much energy must be transferred as heat for a reversible isothermal expansion of an ideal gas at 132°C if the entropy of the gas increases by 46.0 KA box contains 100 gas molecules all released on the left side of the box. What is the initial entropy of all the gas molecules on one side? You can calculate the number of microstates (left/right distribution of molecules) possible by the equation W = N! / ( nL! * nR!,) where N is the total number of molecules and nL is the number on the left and nR is the number on the right. What is the entropy of the most disorganized distribution of gas molecules?A rigid box contains 0.9 mol of an ideal monoatomic gas. Heat is added to the gas and its temperature changes from 183 K to 295 K. If this is a reversible process, what is the change in entropy of the gas in J/K?