Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260477467
Author: Martin Silberberg
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Higher Education (us)
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Chapter 22, Problem 22.52P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ΔG° has to be calculated at 25°C for the reaction of SO2 to form SO3 at standard conditions. The reaction is spontaneous or not has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Standard state free energy of formation (ΔG°):

It is the difference between the free energy of a substance and the free energy of its elements in thermodynamically stable states at standard conditions.

It can be calculated by the following expression:

  ΔG°=ΔGfproducts°-ΔGfreactants°

If ΔG°> 0, the reaction is non-spontaneous.

If ΔG°< 0, the reaction is spontaneous.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Consider the reaction of SO2 to form SO3 at standard conditions.

The reason has to be given for the reaction not performed at 25°C.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Consider the reaction of SO2 to form SO3 at standard conditions.

The reaction is spontaneous or not at 500°C has to be given (assume that ΔH°andΔS° are constant with changing T).

Concept Introduction:

ΔH° can be calculated by the expression

  ΔH°=nHfproducts°-mHfreactants°

ΔS° can be calculated by the expression

  ΔS°=nSproducts°-mSreactants°

From the values of ΔH°andΔS°, ΔG° can be calculated by the expression

  ΔG°= ΔH°- TΔS°

If ΔG°> 0, the reaction is non-spontaneous.

If ΔG°< 0, the reaction is spontaneous.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Consider the reaction of SO2 to form SO3 at standard conditions.

The K values has to be compared at 500°C and at 25°C.

Concept Introduction:

The value of K can be calculated by the expression of free energy and equilibrium constant.

  ΔG = ΔG°+ RT ln Kwhere, ΔG = freeenergy ΔG°=standard-statefreeenergy R = idealgasconstant T = temperature

If a reaction is at equilibrium, ΔG=0.

  0 = ΔG°+ RT ln KΔG° = -RT ln K

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Consider the reaction of SO2 to form SO3 at standard conditions.

The highest T at which the reaction is spontaneous has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

ΔH° can be calculated by the expression

  ΔH°=nHfproducts°-mHfreactants°

ΔS° can be calculated by the expression

  ΔS°=nSproducts°-mSreactants°

From the values of ΔH°andΔS°, ΔG° can be calculated by the expression

  ΔG°= ΔH°- TΔS°

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Chapter 22 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change

Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.11PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.12PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.13PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.14PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.15PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.16PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.17PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.18PCh. 22 - Define: (a) ore; (b) mineral; (c) gangue; (d)...Ch. 22 - Define: (a) roasting; (b) smelting; (c) flotation;...Ch. 22 - What factors determine which reducing agent is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.22PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.23PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.24PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.25PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.26PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.27PCh. 22 - Why is cryolite used in the electrolysis of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.29PCh. 22 - How is Le Châtelier’s principle involved in the...Ch. 22 - Elemental Li and Na are prepared by electrolysis...Ch. 22 - A Downs cell operating at 77.0 A produces 31.0 kg...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.33PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.34PCh. 22 - The last step in the Dow process for the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.36PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.38PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.39PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.42PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.43PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.44PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.45PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.46PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.47PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.48PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.49PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.50PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.51PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.52PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.53PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.54PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.55PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.56PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.57PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.58PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.59PCh. 22 - In the production of magnesium, Mg(OH)2 is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.61PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.62PCh. 22 - The production of S8 from the H2S(g) found in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.64PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.65PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.66P
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