For the given nitration reaction, orientation of the reaction has to be accounted. Concept Introduction: Activating and deactivating groups: The effect of substituents on the reaction rate of aromatic electrophilic substitution is given by activating or deactivating groups. Activating groups – ortho/para directing groups. The rate of reaction is increased by an activating groups (electron donating groups) relative to hydrogen. Deactivating groups – meta directing groups. The rate of reaction is decreased by a deactivating groups (electron withdrawing groups) relative to hydrogen.

Question

How many signals do you expect in the H NMR spectrum for this molecule? Br Br Write the answer below. Also, in each of the drawing areas below is a copy of the molecule, with Hs shown. In each copy, one of the H atoms is colored red. Highlight in red all other H atoms that would contribute to the same signal as the H already highlighted red. Note for advanced students: In this question, any multiplet is counted as one signal. Number of signals in the 'H NMR spectrum. For the molecule in the top drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in top molecule For the molecule in the bottom drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in bottom molecule

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given nitration reaction, orientation of the reaction has to be accounted.

Concept Introduction:

Activating and deactivating groups:

The effect of substituents on the reaction rate of aromatic electrophilic substitution is given by activating or deactivating groups.

Activating groups – ortho/para directing groups. The rate of reaction is increased by an activating groups (electron donating groups) relative to hydrogen.

Deactivating groups – meta directing groups. The rate of reaction is decreased by a deactivating groups (electron withdrawing groups) relative to hydrogen.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given substitution reaction in step 2, reaction mechanism has to be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Activating and deactivating groups:

The effect of substituents on the reaction rate of aromatic electrophilic substitution is given by activating or deactivating groups.

Activating groups – ortho/para directing groups. The rate of reaction is increased by an activating groups (electron donating groups) relative to hydrogen.

Deactivating groups – meta directing groups. The rate of reaction is decreased by a deactivating groups (electron withdrawing groups) relative to hydrogen.

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