Biology
Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Question
Book Icon
Chapter 22, Problem 1TY
Summary Introduction

Introduction: The term ‘prebiotic soup’ is used in relation to the formation of life and organic molecules on earth. It is related to the emergence of life on the early earth. It is said that the prebiotic soup majorly helped in the emergence of life on the earth during early times.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: Mixing and accumulation of early organic molecules in the oceans over long periods of time led to the formation of a special medium that helped in the emergence of life on earth. This medium was referred to as the ‘prebiotic soup’. Hence, the correct answer is option b.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

In earth, organic molecules were formed slowly. Due to the absence of oxygen and living organisms, these molecules were neither oxidized nor metabolized. This led to their accumulation on earth. When this accumulation started taking place in oceans, it formed a special mixture that supported life formation on the earth. This augmentation of organic molecules in the oceans was called as the prebiotic soup.

Option b. is given as “the accumulation of organic molecules in the oceans of early Earth”.

Accumulation of organic molecules in the oceans of Earth in its earliest stage was called ‘prebiotic soup’. Hence, the correct answer is option b.

Reasons for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as, “the assemblage of unicellular prokaryotes that existed in the oceans of early Earth”.

The term ‘prebiotic’ refers to the phase before life. However, prokaryotes are living organisms. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “the mixture of organic molecules found in the cytoplasm of the earliest organisms”.

Prebiotic soup relates to the organic molecules that were formed in early Earth before the emergence of life on Earth. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as, “a pool of nucleic acids that contained genetic information for the earliest organism”.

Prebiotic soup is related to all the organic molecules that were being formed in the early Earth, and not only with nucleic acids. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as, “none of the above”.

Prebiotic soup was the term used for the mixture of organic molecules in the oceans of early Earth. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., c., d., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The mixture formed by the accumulation of organic molecules in the oceans of early earth was called the prebiotic soup.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?  3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2
There is currently a H5N1 cattle outbreak in North America. According to the CDC on Feb 26*: "A multistate outbreak of HPAI A(H5N1) bird flu in dairy cows was first reported on March 25, 2024. This is the first time that these bird flu viruses had been found in cows. In the United States, since 2022, USDA has reported HPAI A(H5N1) virus detections in more than 200 mammals." List and describe two mechanisms that could lead to this H5N1 influenza strain evolving to spread in human:  Mechanisms 1: Mechanisms 2: For the mutations to results in a human epidered they would need to change how the virus interacts with the human host. In the case of mutations that may promote an epidemic, provide an example for: a protein that might incur a mutation: how the mutation would change interactions with cells in the respiratory tract (name the receptor on human cells) List two phenotypic consequence from this mutation that would increase human risk
You have a bacterial strain with the CMU operon: a) As shown in the image below, the cmu operon encodes a peptide (Pep1), as well as a kinase and regulator corresponding to a two-component system. The cmu operon is activated when Pep 1 is added to the growth media. Pep1 is a peptide that when added extracellularly leads to activation of the Cmu operon. Pep1 cmu-kinase cmu-regulator You also have these genetic components in other strains: b) An alternative sigma factor, with a promoter activated by the cmu-regulator, that control a series of multiple operons that together encode a transformasome (cellular machinery for transformation). c) the gene cl (a repressor). d) the promoter X, which includes a cl binding site (and in the absence of cl is active). e) the gene gp (encoding a green fluorescence protein). Using the cmu operon as a starting point, and assuming you can perform cloning to rearrange any of these genomic features, how would you use one or more of these to modify the…
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Text book image
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Text book image
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Text book image
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Text book image
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Text book image
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License