_____ 1. All of the following are phagocytic cells except a. neutrophils. b. T-lymphocytes. c. macrophages. d. eosinophils.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1DYKB

_____ 1. All of the following are phagocytic cells except

a. neutrophils.
b. T-lymphocytes.
c. macrophages.
d. eosinophils.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The phagocytosis is the process in which the cells eliminate the pathogens by engulfing them. The substances which are engulfed by the cell may be infectious agents, cellular debris. This is a very common process for food intake in amoebas.

Answer to Problem 1DYKB

Correct answer:

The T-lymphocytes secrete cytokines and activate other cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to invade the pathogens. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as “T-lymphocytes”. The T-lymphocytes are the cells which provide protection against the antigens by releasing cytokines and also activate the cytotoxic cells which further release other cytokines. The infectious antigens are eliminated by the cytokines, not by phagocytosis process. Hence, the T-lymphocytes are not the phagocytic cells.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “neutrophils”. The neutrophils’ function is to destroy infectious agents through a process known as phagocytosis. It is the process in which the infectious agent is engulfed by the neutrophils. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “macrophages”. The macrophages also involve the phagocytosis process in which the engulfed infectious agent is covered to form phagosome and interact with lysosomes to release a residue in the external environment. Macrophages are phagocytic cells. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “eosinophils”. Eosinophils also participate in the immune response associated with allergy and asthma and are involved in phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes. Eosinophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils all are phagocytic cells because they show phagocytosis, but T-lymphocytes releases cytokines to eliminate pathogens.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1DYKB

_____ 1. All of the following are phagocytic cells except

a. neutrophils.
b. T-lymphocytes.
c. macrophages.
d. eosinophils.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The phagocytosis is the process in which the cells eliminate the pathogens by engulfing them. The substances which are engulfed by the cell may be infectious agents, cellular debris. This is a very common process for food intake in amoebas.

Answer to Problem 1DYKB

Correct answer:

The T-lymphocytes secrete cytokines and activate other cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to invade the pathogens. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as “T-lymphocytes”. The T-lymphocytes are the cells which provide protection against the antigens by releasing cytokines and also activate the cytotoxic cells which further release other cytokines. The infectious antigens are eliminated by the cytokines, not by phagocytosis process. Hence, the T-lymphocytes are not the phagocytic cells.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “neutrophils”. The neutrophils’ function is to destroy infectious agents through a process known as phagocytosis. It is the process in which the infectious agent is engulfed by the neutrophils. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “macrophages”. The macrophages also involve the phagocytosis process in which the engulfed infectious agent is covered to form phagosome and interact with lysosomes to release a residue in the external environment. Macrophages are phagocytic cells. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “eosinophils”. Eosinophils also participate in the immune response associated with allergy and asthma and are involved in phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes. Eosinophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils all are phagocytic cells because they show phagocytosis, but T-lymphocytes releases cytokines to eliminate pathogens.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1DYKB

_____ 1. All of the following are phagocytic cells except

a. neutrophils.
b. T-lymphocytes.
c. macrophages.
d. eosinophils.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The phagocytosis is the process in which the cells eliminate the pathogens by engulfing them. The substances which are engulfed by the cell may be infectious agents, cellular debris. This is a very common process for food intake in amoebas.

Answer to Problem 1DYKB

Correct answer:

The T-lymphocytes secrete cytokines and activate other cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to invade the pathogens. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as “T-lymphocytes”. The T-lymphocytes are the cells which provide protection against the antigens by releasing cytokines and also activate the cytotoxic cells which further release other cytokines. The infectious antigens are eliminated by the cytokines, not by phagocytosis process. Hence, the T-lymphocytes are not the phagocytic cells.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “neutrophils”. The neutrophils’ function is to destroy infectious agents through a process known as phagocytosis. It is the process in which the infectious agent is engulfed by the neutrophils. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “macrophages”. The macrophages also involve the phagocytosis process in which the engulfed infectious agent is covered to form phagosome and interact with lysosomes to release a residue in the external environment. Macrophages are phagocytic cells. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “eosinophils”. Eosinophils also participate in the immune response associated with allergy and asthma and are involved in phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes. Eosinophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils all are phagocytic cells because they show phagocytosis, but T-lymphocytes releases cytokines to eliminate pathogens.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1DYKB

_____ 1. All of the following are phagocytic cells except

a. neutrophils.
b. T-lymphocytes.
c. macrophages.
d. eosinophils.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The phagocytosis is the process in which the cells eliminate the pathogens by engulfing them. The substances which are engulfed by the cell may be infectious agents, cellular debris. This is a very common process for food intake in amoebas.

Answer to Problem 1DYKB

Correct answer:

The T-lymphocytes secrete cytokines and activate other cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to invade the pathogens. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as “T-lymphocytes”. The T-lymphocytes are the cells which provide protection against the antigens by releasing cytokines and also activate the cytotoxic cells which further release other cytokines. The infectious antigens are eliminated by the cytokines, not by phagocytosis process. Hence, the T-lymphocytes are not the phagocytic cells.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “neutrophils”. The neutrophils’ function is to destroy infectious agents through a process known as phagocytosis. It is the process in which the infectious agent is engulfed by the neutrophils. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “macrophages”. The macrophages also involve the phagocytosis process in which the engulfed infectious agent is covered to form phagosome and interact with lysosomes to release a residue in the external environment. Macrophages are phagocytic cells. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “eosinophils”. Eosinophils also participate in the immune response associated with allergy and asthma and are involved in phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes. Eosinophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils all are phagocytic cells because they show phagocytosis, but T-lymphocytes releases cytokines to eliminate pathogens.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The phagocytosis is the process in which the cells eliminate the pathogens by engulfing them. The substances which are engulfed by the cell may be infectious agents, cellular debris. This is a very common process for food intake in amoebas.

Answer to Problem 1DYKB

Correct answer:

The T-lymphocytes secrete cytokines and activate other cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to invade the pathogens. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as “T-lymphocytes”. The T-lymphocytes are the cells which provide protection against the antigens by releasing cytokines and also activate the cytotoxic cells which further release other cytokines. The infectious antigens are eliminated by the cytokines, not by phagocytosis process. Hence, the T-lymphocytes are not the phagocytic cells.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “neutrophils”. The neutrophils’ function is to destroy infectious agents through a process known as phagocytosis. It is the process in which the infectious agent is engulfed by the neutrophils. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “macrophages”. The macrophages also involve the phagocytosis process in which the engulfed infectious agent is covered to form phagosome and interact with lysosomes to release a residue in the external environment. Macrophages are phagocytic cells. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “eosinophils”. Eosinophils also participate in the immune response associated with allergy and asthma and are involved in phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes. Eosinophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils all are phagocytic cells because they show phagocytosis, but T-lymphocytes releases cytokines to eliminate pathogens.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The phagocytosis is the process in which the cells eliminate the pathogens by engulfing them. The substances which are engulfed by the cell may be infectious agents, cellular debris. This is a very common process for food intake in amoebas.

Answer to Problem 1DYKB

Correct answer:

The T-lymphocytes secrete cytokines and activate other cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to invade the pathogens. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as “T-lymphocytes”. The T-lymphocytes are the cells which provide protection against the antigens by releasing cytokines and also activate the cytotoxic cells which further release other cytokines. The infectious antigens are eliminated by the cytokines, not by phagocytosis process. Hence, the T-lymphocytes are not the phagocytic cells.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “neutrophils”. The neutrophils’ function is to destroy infectious agents through a process known as phagocytosis. It is the process in which the infectious agent is engulfed by the neutrophils. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “macrophages”. The macrophages also involve the phagocytosis process in which the engulfed infectious agent is covered to form phagosome and interact with lysosomes to release a residue in the external environment. Macrophages are phagocytic cells. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “eosinophils”. Eosinophils also participate in the immune response associated with allergy and asthma and are involved in phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes. Eosinophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils all are phagocytic cells because they show phagocytosis, but T-lymphocytes releases cytokines to eliminate pathogens.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The phagocytosis is the process in which the cells eliminate the pathogens by engulfing them. The substances which are engulfed by the cell may be infectious agents, cellular debris. This is a very common process for food intake in amoebas.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 1DYKB

Correct answer:

The T-lymphocytes secrete cytokines and activate other cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to invade the pathogens. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Option b. is given as “T-lymphocytes”. The T-lymphocytes are the cells which provide protection against the antigens by releasing cytokines and also activate the cytotoxic cells which further release other cytokines. The infectious antigens are eliminated by the cytokines, not by phagocytosis process. Hence, the T-lymphocytes are not the phagocytic cells.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “neutrophils”. The neutrophils’ function is to destroy infectious agents through a process known as phagocytosis. It is the process in which the infectious agent is engulfed by the neutrophils. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “macrophages”. The macrophages also involve the phagocytosis process in which the engulfed infectious agent is covered to form phagosome and interact with lysosomes to release a residue in the external environment. Macrophages are phagocytic cells. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as “eosinophils”. Eosinophils also participate in the immune response associated with allergy and asthma and are involved in phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes. Eosinophils are phagocytic cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Answer 14

Conclusion

The neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils all are phagocytic cells because they show phagocytosis, but T-lymphocytes releases cytokines to eliminate pathogens.

Answer 15

Ch. 22.1 - Which pathogen must enter a cell to replicate?...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2WDYL Ch. 22.2 - What is the definition of a cytokine? How are...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 4WDYL Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 5WDYL Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 6WDYL Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 7WDYL Ch. 22.3 - How do NK cells accomplish the task of eliminating...Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 9WDYL Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 10WDYL

_____ 1. All of the following are phagocytic cells except a. neutrophils. b. T-lymphocytes. c. macrophages. d. eosinophils.

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Answer to Problem 1DYKB

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