(a) Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted. Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO 2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21.9, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

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If a reaction occurs, what would be the major products? Please include a detailed explanation as well as a drawing showing how the reaction occurs and what the final product is.

Would the following organic synthesis occur in one step? Add any missing products, required catalysts, inorganic reagents, and other important conditions. Please include a detailed explanation and drawings showing how the reaction may occur in one step.

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21.9, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21.9, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21.9, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21.9, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Answer 6

Chapter 21.9, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Answer 7

Chapter 21.9, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkyl halides needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester syntheses are to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The α hydrogen attached to the diester is acidic in nature and on heating diester followed by hydrolysis gives β- diacid which loses CO2 to give carboxylic acid. The formed acid has components of both alkyl halide and malonic ester.

Answer 12

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 21.2 - Problem 23.1 Draw the enol or keto tautomer(s) of...Ch. 21.2 - Problem 23.3 When phenylacetaldehyde is dissolved...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 21.3 - Problem 23.5 Which bonds in the following...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 8P Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 9P Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 10P Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 11P Ch. 21.7 - Problem 23.11 Draw the products of each...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the alkyl halide needed to prepare carboxylic acid by the malonic ester synthesis is to be predicted.

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Chapter 21 Solutions