Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.3, Problem 1MQ
What is nitrogen fixation and why is it important to the nitrogen cycle?
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - How is new organic matter made in nature?Ch. 21.1 - In what ways are oxygenic photosynthesis and...Ch. 21.1 - What is a methane hydrate?Ch. 21.1 - The oxygen and carbon cycles are interconnected...Ch. 21.2 - Why does Syntrophomonas need a partner organism in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.2 - What is the final product of acetogenesis?Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.3 - What is nitrogen fixation and why is it important...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 21.3 - How does the compound nitrapyrin benefit both...Ch. 21.3 - The principal form of nitrogen on Earth is N2,...Ch. 21.4 - Is H2S a substrate or a product of the...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 21.4 - Bacteria play major roles in both the oxidative...Ch. 21.5 - In what oxidation state is Fe in Fe(OH)3? In FeS?...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.5 - Why is excreted organic matter important to many...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.6 - How does the formation of CaCO3 skeletons by...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.6 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.7 - What forms of mercury are most toxic to organisms?Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 21.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.8 - What is the greenhouse effect and what causes it?Ch. 21.8 - What is the fate of most nitrogen used in...Ch. 21.8 - Why are the OMZs expanding and what are the likely...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21 - Compare and contrast the carbon, sulfur, and...Ch. 21 - 14C-labeled cellulose is added to a vial...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3AQ
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- Describe nitrogen fixation and why it is important to agriculture.arrow_forwardWhat is nitrogen assimilation? What is the acceptor molecule? What does it react with? What is the product?arrow_forwardWhy are nitrogen-fixing bacteria ecologically important? Why are humans interested in nitrogen-fixing bacteria? (Economic applications?)arrow_forward
- Given that the bottom of the ocean is anaerobic, what process in the nitrogen cycle is likely to be occurring in this location?arrow_forwardIn terms of the nitrogen cycle and movement of electrons, what is the difference between nitrogen fixation and assimilatory nitrate reductionarrow_forwardRegarding nitrogen fixation, are the following statements True or False? a) Atmospheric nitrogen is reduced to the biologically useful form NH3 (or NH4 ). b) Nitrogen fixation in nature and in the lab requires a metal cofactor or catalyst. c) The availability of fixed nitrogen limits biological productivity. d) Ammonium from the atmosphere is fixed to more usable forms of nitrogen, such as nitrite (NO2–). e) Nitrogen fixation is energetically neutral, using a negligible amount of ATP. f) The enzyme nitrogenase, which takes part in nitrogen fixation, is inactivated by oxygen.arrow_forward
- Why must nitrogen fixation occur in an anoxic (i.e., oxygen-free) environment? a)Because H2 is an additional product of nitrogen fixation, and the combination of H2 and O2 would cause the cell to combust. b)Oxygen poisons the dinitrogenase enzyme by entering the FeMo cluster c)Oxygen competes as an electron acceptor in the ETC, so electrons cannot be passed to N2. d)Oxygen "steals" electrons from the dinitrogenase reductase, producing free radicals.arrow_forwardHow is the primary nutrient nitrogen extracted from minerals?arrow_forwardWhat are the key ecological roles of nitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?arrow_forward
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