1) Introduction: Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin: Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin. Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor. Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit Absorption Costing • A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold. • Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads , as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold. Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem E21A.46E

To determine

1)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

To determine

2)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest value of closing stock

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem E21A.46E

To determine

1)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

To determine

2)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest value of closing stock

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem E21A.46E

To determine

1)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

To determine

2)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest value of closing stock

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem E21A.46E

To determine

1)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

To determine

2)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest value of closing stock

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem E21A.46E

To determine

1)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

To determine

2)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest value of closing stock

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem E21A.46E

To determine

1)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem E21A.46E

To determine

1)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest operating income.

Answer 8

To determine

2)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest value of closing stock

Answer 9

To determine

2)

Introduction:

Marginal Costing and Contribution Margin:

Contribution Margin refers to the excess of Sales revenues over variable and fixed costs. Since it contributes to the overall profitability of the business it is referred to as contribution margin.

Variable costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have a direct co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs increase with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of direct material and direct labor.

Fixed costs refer to the costs of manufacture that have an inverse co-relation with the volume of the goods manufactured, i.e. the costs decrease with an increase in the goods produced. Examples are costs of factory rent, depreciation on plant and equipment

$Contribution per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable Costs per unit$

Absorption Costing

• A method of allocating costs at full value, the absorption costing method, focuses on allocation of all costs of production to the goods produced and unlike marginal costing, in which costs are allocated to the goods sold.

• Absorption costing often leads to over / under absorption of Overheads, as it is a method of allocation of costs to goods manufactured, as opposed to allocation of goods sold.

Costing method which produces the highest value of closing stock

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 21 - For Frank’s Funky Sounds, straight-line...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2QC Ch. 21 - Prob. 3QC Ch. 21 - Prob. 4QC Ch. 21 - Prob. 5QC Ch. 21 - On a CVP graph, the total cost line intersects the...Ch. 21 - If a company increases its sales price per unit...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8QC Ch. 21 - Prob. 9QC Ch. 21 - Prob. 10QC

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