Mechanism for the given transformation need to be drawn and the reagents used for the given transformation has to be identified. Concept introduction: When compound containing active methylene group is treated with LDA , it undergoes deprotonation at the α carbon to form carbanion. The carbanion can undergo alkylation with any alkyl halide to give the product where the alkyl group is substituted in the α carbon. Deprotonation of α carbon to form carbanion Alkylation of the carbanion

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21, Problem 82PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given transformation need to be drawn and the reagents used for the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

When compound containing active methylene group is treated with LDA , it undergoes deprotonation at the α carbon to form carbanion. The carbanion can undergo alkylation with any alkyl halide to give the product where the alkyl group is substituted in the α carbon.

Deprotonation of α carbon to form carbanion

Alkylation of the carbanion

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given transformation need to be drawn and the reagents used for the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Cyanation is a process in which cyanide is substituted via SN2 reaction. When a compound containing active methylene group is treated with LDA , a carbanion is formed. The carbanion can undergo alkylation when treated with alkyl halide. The nitrile group can be hydrolyzed to give carboxylic acid.

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A solution contains 0.097 M Ce3+, 1.55x10-3 M Ce4+, 1.55x10-3 M Mn2+, 0.097 M MnO4-, and 1.00 M HClO4 (F= 9.649 x 104 C/mol). a) Write a balanced net reaction that can occur between species in this solution. b) Calculate deltaG0 and K for the reaction. c) Calculate E and deltaG for the conditions given. Ce4+ + e- = Ce3+ E0= 1.70 V MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- = Mn2+ + 4H2O E0= 1.507 V

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21, Problem 82PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given transformation need to be drawn and the reagents used for the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

When compound containing active methylene group is treated with LDA , it undergoes deprotonation at the α carbon to form carbanion. The carbanion can undergo alkylation with any alkyl halide to give the product where the alkyl group is substituted in the α carbon.

Deprotonation of α carbon to form carbanion

Alkylation of the carbanion

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given transformation need to be drawn and the reagents used for the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Cyanation is a process in which cyanide is substituted via SN2 reaction. When a compound containing active methylene group is treated with LDA , a carbanion is formed. The carbanion can undergo alkylation when treated with alkyl halide. The nitrile group can be hydrolyzed to give carboxylic acid.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21, Problem 82PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given transformation need to be drawn and the reagents used for the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

When compound containing active methylene group is treated with LDA , it undergoes deprotonation at the α carbon to form carbanion. The carbanion can undergo alkylation with any alkyl halide to give the product where the alkyl group is substituted in the α carbon.

Deprotonation of α carbon to form carbanion

Alkylation of the carbanion

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given transformation need to be drawn and the reagents used for the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Cyanation is a process in which cyanide is substituted via SN2 reaction. When a compound containing active methylene group is treated with LDA , a carbanion is formed. The carbanion can undergo alkylation when treated with alkyl halide. The nitrile group can be hydrolyzed to give carboxylic acid.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 21, Problem 82PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction