The budget constraint and trade-off.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 7PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the wants and needs of a human are unlimited and the budget of an individual is limited, it will lead to a constraint of needs and this constraint raised is due to the limited budget is known as the budget constraint of an individual. Thus, the budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Here, the income of the person is given as $60, the price of one meal at dining hall is $6, and the price of cup 'o soup is $1.5. Thus, when the consumer spends her entire income on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by the per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=606=10

Thus, when she spends all her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 10 meals. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=601.5=40

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 40 cup 'o soup meals.

The budget constraint represents all the combinations of these two goods ranging between 10 dining hall meals and no cup 'o soup meal to no dining hall meals and 40 cup 'o soup meals. However in this case, the consumer spends her income equally on both of the commodities. Thus, she spends $30 each on dining hall meals and cup 'o soup meals. Thus, when the consumer spends $30 on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=306=5

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 5 meals. When she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=301.5=20

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 20 cup 'o soup meals. This will be the point of her consumption, when the income is equally spent on both commodities. The graphical representation shows this combination at point A and it is represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 1

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (b):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the price of the cup o' soup increases to $2 from $1.5, the vertical intercept of the student's budget constraint will shift downwards; this will flatten the budget constraint curve. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=602=30

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can only receive 30 cup 'o soup meals. This flattens the budget constraint curve.

It is also said that at present she only spends 30 percent of her income on the dining hall meal, which means that the income spent on dining hall meal is only $18 and that spend on cup o' soup is $42. At this income spending distribution, she can purchase 3 units of dining hall meals and 21 units of cup o' soup meals. This new point can be illustrated as point B and it can be represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 2

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (c):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. This shows that the cup o' soup is an inferior good for which the income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (d):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units denoted by point A; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units denoted by point B. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. Thus, these two points can be graphically illustrated as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 3

Here, the demand for the cup o' soup increases, when its price increases, which means that the commodity is an inferior good. However at the same time, the income effect overweighs the substitution effect for the commodity, which is a special case of inferior goods, known as the Giffen goods. Thus, the cup o' soup is a Giffen good.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

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Discuss the preferred deterrent method employed by the Zambian government to combat tax evasion, monetary fines. As noted in the reading the potential penalty for corporate tax evasion is a fine of 52.5% of the amount evaded plus interest assessed at 5% annually along with a possibility of jail time. In general, monetary fines as a deterrent are preferred to blacklisting of company directors, revoking business operation licenses, or calling for prison sentences. Do you agree with this preference? Should companies that are guilty of tax evasion face something more severe than a monetary fine? Something less severe? Should the fine and interest amount be set at a different rate? If so at why? Provide support and rationale for your responses.

Not use ai please

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 7PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the wants and needs of a human are unlimited and the budget of an individual is limited, it will lead to a constraint of needs and this constraint raised is due to the limited budget is known as the budget constraint of an individual. Thus, the budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Here, the income of the person is given as $60, the price of one meal at dining hall is $6, and the price of cup 'o soup is $1.5. Thus, when the consumer spends her entire income on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by the per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=606=10

Thus, when she spends all her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 10 meals. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=601.5=40

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 40 cup 'o soup meals.

The budget constraint represents all the combinations of these two goods ranging between 10 dining hall meals and no cup 'o soup meal to no dining hall meals and 40 cup 'o soup meals. However in this case, the consumer spends her income equally on both of the commodities. Thus, she spends $30 each on dining hall meals and cup 'o soup meals. Thus, when the consumer spends $30 on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=306=5

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 5 meals. When she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=301.5=20

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 20 cup 'o soup meals. This will be the point of her consumption, when the income is equally spent on both commodities. The graphical representation shows this combination at point A and it is represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 1

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (b):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the price of the cup o' soup increases to $2 from $1.5, the vertical intercept of the student's budget constraint will shift downwards; this will flatten the budget constraint curve. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=602=30

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can only receive 30 cup 'o soup meals. This flattens the budget constraint curve.

It is also said that at present she only spends 30 percent of her income on the dining hall meal, which means that the income spent on dining hall meal is only $18 and that spend on cup o' soup is $42. At this income spending distribution, she can purchase 3 units of dining hall meals and 21 units of cup o' soup meals. This new point can be illustrated as point B and it can be represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 2

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (c):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. This shows that the cup o' soup is an inferior good for which the income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (d):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units denoted by point A; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units denoted by point B. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. Thus, these two points can be graphically illustrated as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 3

Here, the demand for the cup o' soup increases, when its price increases, which means that the commodity is an inferior good. However at the same time, the income effect overweighs the substitution effect for the commodity, which is a special case of inferior goods, known as the Giffen goods. Thus, the cup o' soup is a Giffen good.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 7PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the wants and needs of a human are unlimited and the budget of an individual is limited, it will lead to a constraint of needs and this constraint raised is due to the limited budget is known as the budget constraint of an individual. Thus, the budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Here, the income of the person is given as $60, the price of one meal at dining hall is $6, and the price of cup 'o soup is $1.5. Thus, when the consumer spends her entire income on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by the per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=606=10

Thus, when she spends all her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 10 meals. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=601.5=40

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 40 cup 'o soup meals.

The budget constraint represents all the combinations of these two goods ranging between 10 dining hall meals and no cup 'o soup meal to no dining hall meals and 40 cup 'o soup meals. However in this case, the consumer spends her income equally on both of the commodities. Thus, she spends $30 each on dining hall meals and cup 'o soup meals. Thus, when the consumer spends $30 on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=306=5

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 5 meals. When she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=301.5=20

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 20 cup 'o soup meals. This will be the point of her consumption, when the income is equally spent on both commodities. The graphical representation shows this combination at point A and it is represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 1

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (b):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the price of the cup o' soup increases to $2 from $1.5, the vertical intercept of the student's budget constraint will shift downwards; this will flatten the budget constraint curve. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=602=30

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can only receive 30 cup 'o soup meals. This flattens the budget constraint curve.

It is also said that at present she only spends 30 percent of her income on the dining hall meal, which means that the income spent on dining hall meal is only $18 and that spend on cup o' soup is $42. At this income spending distribution, she can purchase 3 units of dining hall meals and 21 units of cup o' soup meals. This new point can be illustrated as point B and it can be represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 2

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (c):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. This shows that the cup o' soup is an inferior good for which the income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (d):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units denoted by point A; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units denoted by point B. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. Thus, these two points can be graphically illustrated as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 3

Here, the demand for the cup o' soup increases, when its price increases, which means that the commodity is an inferior good. However at the same time, the income effect overweighs the substitution effect for the commodity, which is a special case of inferior goods, known as the Giffen goods. Thus, the cup o' soup is a Giffen good.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 7PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the wants and needs of a human are unlimited and the budget of an individual is limited, it will lead to a constraint of needs and this constraint raised is due to the limited budget is known as the budget constraint of an individual. Thus, the budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Here, the income of the person is given as $60, the price of one meal at dining hall is $6, and the price of cup 'o soup is $1.5. Thus, when the consumer spends her entire income on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by the per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=606=10

Thus, when she spends all her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 10 meals. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=601.5=40

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 40 cup 'o soup meals.

The budget constraint represents all the combinations of these two goods ranging between 10 dining hall meals and no cup 'o soup meal to no dining hall meals and 40 cup 'o soup meals. However in this case, the consumer spends her income equally on both of the commodities. Thus, she spends $30 each on dining hall meals and cup 'o soup meals. Thus, when the consumer spends $30 on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=306=5

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 5 meals. When she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=301.5=20

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 20 cup 'o soup meals. This will be the point of her consumption, when the income is equally spent on both commodities. The graphical representation shows this combination at point A and it is represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 1

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (b):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the price of the cup o' soup increases to $2 from $1.5, the vertical intercept of the student's budget constraint will shift downwards; this will flatten the budget constraint curve. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=602=30

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can only receive 30 cup 'o soup meals. This flattens the budget constraint curve.

It is also said that at present she only spends 30 percent of her income on the dining hall meal, which means that the income spent on dining hall meal is only $18 and that spend on cup o' soup is $42. At this income spending distribution, she can purchase 3 units of dining hall meals and 21 units of cup o' soup meals. This new point can be illustrated as point B and it can be represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 2

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (c):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. This shows that the cup o' soup is an inferior good for which the income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (d):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units denoted by point A; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units denoted by point B. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. Thus, these two points can be graphically illustrated as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 3

Here, the demand for the cup o' soup increases, when its price increases, which means that the commodity is an inferior good. However at the same time, the income effect overweighs the substitution effect for the commodity, which is a special case of inferior goods, known as the Giffen goods. Thus, the cup o' soup is a Giffen good.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 7PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the wants and needs of a human are unlimited and the budget of an individual is limited, it will lead to a constraint of needs and this constraint raised is due to the limited budget is known as the budget constraint of an individual. Thus, the budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Here, the income of the person is given as $60, the price of one meal at dining hall is $6, and the price of cup 'o soup is $1.5. Thus, when the consumer spends her entire income on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by the per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=606=10

Thus, when she spends all her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 10 meals. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=601.5=40

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 40 cup 'o soup meals.

The budget constraint represents all the combinations of these two goods ranging between 10 dining hall meals and no cup 'o soup meal to no dining hall meals and 40 cup 'o soup meals. However in this case, the consumer spends her income equally on both of the commodities. Thus, she spends $30 each on dining hall meals and cup 'o soup meals. Thus, when the consumer spends $30 on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=306=5

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 5 meals. When she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=301.5=20

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 20 cup 'o soup meals. This will be the point of her consumption, when the income is equally spent on both commodities. The graphical representation shows this combination at point A and it is represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 1

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (b):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the price of the cup o' soup increases to $2 from $1.5, the vertical intercept of the student's budget constraint will shift downwards; this will flatten the budget constraint curve. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=602=30

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can only receive 30 cup 'o soup meals. This flattens the budget constraint curve.

It is also said that at present she only spends 30 percent of her income on the dining hall meal, which means that the income spent on dining hall meal is only $18 and that spend on cup o' soup is $42. At this income spending distribution, she can purchase 3 units of dining hall meals and 21 units of cup o' soup meals. This new point can be illustrated as point B and it can be represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 2

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (c):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. This shows that the cup o' soup is an inferior good for which the income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Subpart (d):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units denoted by point A; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units denoted by point B. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. Thus, these two points can be graphically illustrated as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 3

Here, the demand for the cup o' soup increases, when its price increases, which means that the commodity is an inferior good. However at the same time, the income effect overweighs the substitution effect for the commodity, which is a special case of inferior goods, known as the Giffen goods. Thus, the cup o' soup is a Giffen good.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 7PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the wants and needs of a human are unlimited and the budget of an individual is limited, it will lead to a constraint of needs and this constraint raised is due to the limited budget is known as the budget constraint of an individual. Thus, the budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Here, the income of the person is given as $60, the price of one meal at dining hall is $6, and the price of cup 'o soup is $1.5. Thus, when the consumer spends her entire income on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by the per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=606=10

Thus, when she spends all her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 10 meals. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=601.5=40

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 40 cup 'o soup meals.

The budget constraint represents all the combinations of these two goods ranging between 10 dining hall meals and no cup 'o soup meal to no dining hall meals and 40 cup 'o soup meals. However in this case, the consumer spends her income equally on both of the commodities. Thus, she spends $30 each on dining hall meals and cup 'o soup meals. Thus, when the consumer spends $30 on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=306=5

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 5 meals. When she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=301.5=20

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 20 cup 'o soup meals. This will be the point of her consumption, when the income is equally spent on both commodities. The graphical representation shows this combination at point A and it is represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 1

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 7PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Answer 8

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the wants and needs of a human are unlimited and the budget of an individual is limited, it will lead to a constraint of needs and this constraint raised is due to the limited budget is known as the budget constraint of an individual. Thus, the budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Here, the income of the person is given as $60, the price of one meal at dining hall is $6, and the price of cup 'o soup is $1.5. Thus, when the consumer spends her entire income on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by the per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=606=10

Thus, when she spends all her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 10 meals. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=601.5=40

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 40 cup 'o soup meals.

The budget constraint represents all the combinations of these two goods ranging between 10 dining hall meals and no cup 'o soup meal to no dining hall meals and 40 cup 'o soup meals. However in this case, the consumer spends her income equally on both of the commodities. Thus, she spends $30 each on dining hall meals and cup 'o soup meals. Thus, when the consumer spends $30 on the meal in dining hall, the quantity that she receives can be calculated by dividing the income by per meal price as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer meal price=306=5

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on meal from dining hall, she can buy 5 meals. When she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=301.5=20

Thus, when she spends $30 of her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can receive 20 cup 'o soup meals. This will be the point of her consumption, when the income is equally spent on both commodities. The graphical representation shows this combination at point A and it is represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 1

Answer 9

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 13

Subpart (b):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the price of the cup o' soup increases to $2 from $1.5, the vertical intercept of the student's budget constraint will shift downwards; this will flatten the budget constraint curve. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=602=30

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can only receive 30 cup 'o soup meals. This flattens the budget constraint curve.

It is also said that at present she only spends 30 percent of her income on the dining hall meal, which means that the income spent on dining hall meal is only $18 and that spend on cup o' soup is $42. At this income spending distribution, she can purchase 3 units of dining hall meals and 21 units of cup o' soup meals. This new point can be illustrated as point B and it can be represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 2

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 14

Subpart (b):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Answer 15

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

When the price of the cup o' soup increases to $2 from $1.5, the vertical intercept of the student's budget constraint will shift downwards; this will flatten the budget constraint curve. When she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meal, the quantity can be calculated by replacing the price of dining hall meal with that of cup 'o soup as follows:

Quantity received=IncomePer cup 'o soup price=602=30

Thus, when she spends all her income on the cup 'o soup meals, she can only receive 30 cup 'o soup meals. This flattens the budget constraint curve.

It is also said that at present she only spends 30 percent of her income on the dining hall meal, which means that the income spent on dining hall meal is only $18 and that spend on cup o' soup is $42. At this income spending distribution, she can purchase 3 units of dining hall meals and 21 units of cup o' soup meals. This new point can be illustrated as point B and it can be represented as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 2

Answer 16

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 20

Subpart (c):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. This shows that the cup o' soup is an inferior good for which the income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 21

Subpart (c):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Answer 22

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. This shows that the cup o' soup is an inferior good for which the income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 23

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Answer 24

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 27

Subpart (d):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units denoted by point A; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units denoted by point B. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. Thus, these two points can be graphically illustrated as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 3

Here, the demand for the cup o' soup increases, when its price increases, which means that the commodity is an inferior good. However at the same time, the income effect overweighs the substitution effect for the commodity, which is a special case of inferior goods, known as the Giffen goods. Thus, the cup o' soup is a Giffen good.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.

Answer 28

Subpart (d):

To determine

The budget constraint and trade-off.

Answer 29

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The initial price of cup o' soup was $1.5, and the new price after the increase is $2. The initial quantity demanded of cup o' soup was 20 units denoted by point A; whereas after the increased price of the commodity, the quantity demanded is 21 units denoted by point B. This shows that the demand for the commodity will increase, when the price of the commodity increases. Thus, these two points can be graphically illustrated as follows:

ECNS 201 PRINTOUT, Chapter 21, Problem 7PA , additional homework tip 3

Here, the demand for the cup o' soup increases, when its price increases, which means that the commodity is an inferior good. However at the same time, the income effect overweighs the substitution effect for the commodity, which is a special case of inferior goods, known as the Giffen goods. Thus, the cup o' soup is a Giffen good.

Answer 30

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Answer 31

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Budget constraint: Budget constraint is defined as the possible combination of goods and services that is purchased at a given price level with the entire income.

Normal good: The goods whose quantity demanded increases, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Inferior good: The goods whose quantity demanded falls, when the income of the consumer increases and vice versa.

Giffen goods: They are the special cases of inferior goods in which an income effect overweighs the substitution effect.