Concept Introduction:
Breakeven point-
Breakeven point is the point where total revenues are equal to total costs. Total cost includes fixed costs as well as variable costs. It is calculated as follows-
Requirement 1-:
To compute:
Break even points in sales dollars.

Answer to Problem 5BPSB
Product BB
Product TT
Explanation of Solution
Product BB
Given,
- Fixed costs = $100,000
- Sales = $800,000
- Contribution margin = $240,000
Breakeven point is calculated as follows-
Product TT
Given,
- Fixed costs = $560,000
- Sales = $800,000
- Contribution margin = $700,000 First we need to find contribution margin ratio-
Breakeven point is calculated as follows-
Conclusion:
Thus, breakeven point in sales dollars is calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Contribution margin income statement-
It is a statement wherein all the variable costs are deducted from the sales to get the contribution margin and after getting contribution margin, fixed expenses are deducted from contribution margin to get net income or loss.
Requirement 2-:
To prepare:

Answer to Problem 5BPSB
STAM Company | ||
Particulars | Product BB | Product TT |
Sales | 528,000 | 528,000 |
Variable costs | 369,600 | 66,000 |
Contribution margin | 158,400 | 462,000 |
Fixed costs | 100,000 | 560,000 |
Income before tax | 58,400 | (98,000) |
Tax on income (32%) | 18,688 | 31,360 |
Net income / (Loss) | 39,712 | (66,640) |
Explanation of Solution
Product BB
Given, Fixed costs = $100,000
Net income is calculated as follows-
Product TT
Given, Fixed costs = $560,000
Net income is calculated as follows-
Conclusion:
Thus, contribution margin income statement is prepared.
Concept Introduction:
Contribution margin income statement-
It is a statement wherein all the variable costs are deducted from the sales to get the contribution margin and after getting contribution margin, fixed expenses are deducted from contribution margin to get net income or loss.
Requirement 3-:
To prepare:
Forecasted contribution margin income statement.

Answer to Problem 5BPSB
STAM Company | ||
Forecasted contribution margin income statement | ||
Particulars | Product BB | Product TT |
Sales | 1,024,000 | 1,024,000 |
Variable costs | 716,800 | 128,000 |
Contribution margin | 307,200 | 896,000 |
Fixed costs | 100,000 | 560,000 |
Income before tax | 207,200 | 336,000 |
Tax on income (32%) | 66,304 | 107,520 |
Net income / (Loss) | 140,896 | 228,480 |
Explanation of Solution
Product BB
Given, Fixed costs = $100,000
Net income is calculated as follows-
Product TT
Given, Fixed costs = $560,000
Net income is calculated as follows-
Conclusion:
Thus, contribution margin income statement is prepared.
Concept Introduction:
Contribution margin income statement-
It is a statement wherein all the variable costs are deducted from the sales to get the contribution margin and after getting contribution margin, fixed expenses are deducted from contribution margin to get net income or loss.
Requirement 4-:
To Explain:
To explain which product would experience greater increase in profit.

Answer to Problem 5BPSB
When sales are increased, there will be improvement in income in case of product TT as it will earn more contribution margin per unit as compared to product BB. The operating leverage of given items will yield same result.
Explanation of Solution
The requirement is explained in the answer.
Conclusion:
Thus, Product TT will experience greater increase in profit.
Concept Introduction:
Contribution margin income statement-
It is a statement wherein all the variable costs are deducted from the sales to get the contribution margin and after getting contribution margin, fixed expenses are deducted from contribution margin to get net income or loss.
Requirement 5-:
To Explain:
To explain the factors which might create different cost structures for two products.

Answer to Problem 5BPSB
Following are the factors-
- Sales representative works only on commission.
- Labor arrangement paying workers for per unit manufactured.
- Salary structure is not dependent on sales or production.
- Assets utilized in manufacturing of BB are leased with rent dependent on the basis of assets utilized.
Explanation of Solution
The requirement is explained in the answer.
Conclusion:
Thus, factors are explained.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
FUNDAMENTAL ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
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