Operation of the pulse oximeter (see previous problem ). The transmission of light energy as it passes through a solution of light-absorbing molecules is described by the Beer-Lambert law I = I 0 10 − ∈ C L or log 10 ( I I 0 ) = − ∈ C L which gives the decrease in intensity I in terms of the distance L the light has traveled through a fluid with a concentration C of the light-absorbing molecule. The quantity ∈ is called the extinction coefficient, and its value depends on the frequency of the light. (It has units of m 2 /mol.) Assume the extinction coefficient for 660-nm light passing through a solution of oxygenated hemoglobin is identical to the coefficient for 940-nm light passing through deoxygenated hemoglobin. Also assume 940-nm light has zero absorption ( ∈ = 0) in oxygenated hemoglobin and 660-nm light has zero absorption in deoxygenated hemoglobin. If 33% of the energy of the red source and 76% of the infrared energy is transmitted through the blood, what is the fraction of hemoglobin that is oxygenated?
Operation of the pulse oximeter (see previous problem ). The transmission of light energy as it passes through a solution of light-absorbing molecules is described by the Beer-Lambert law I = I 0 10 − ∈ C L or log 10 ( I I 0 ) = − ∈ C L which gives the decrease in intensity I in terms of the distance L the light has traveled through a fluid with a concentration C of the light-absorbing molecule. The quantity ∈ is called the extinction coefficient, and its value depends on the frequency of the light. (It has units of m 2 /mol.) Assume the extinction coefficient for 660-nm light passing through a solution of oxygenated hemoglobin is identical to the coefficient for 940-nm light passing through deoxygenated hemoglobin. Also assume 940-nm light has zero absorption ( ∈ = 0) in oxygenated hemoglobin and 660-nm light has zero absorption in deoxygenated hemoglobin. If 33% of the energy of the red source and 76% of the infrared energy is transmitted through the blood, what is the fraction of hemoglobin that is oxygenated?
Solution Summary: The author explains the formula to calculate the percentage of radiation transmitted, the extinction co-efficient, and the length of the solution.
Operation of the pulse oximeter (see previous problem). The transmission of light energy as it passes through a solution of light-absorbing molecules is described by the Beer-Lambert law
I
=
I
0
10
−
∈
C
L
or
log
10
(
I
I
0
)
=
−
∈
C
L
which gives the decrease in intensity I in terms of the distance L the light has traveled through a fluid with a concentration C of the light-absorbing molecule. The quantity ∈ is called the extinction coefficient, and its value depends on the frequency of the light. (It has units of m2/mol.) Assume the extinction coefficient for 660-nm light passing through a solution of oxygenated hemoglobin is identical to the coefficient for 940-nm light passing through deoxygenated hemoglobin. Also assume 940-nm light has zero absorption (∈ = 0) in oxygenated hemoglobin and 660-nm light has zero absorption in deoxygenated hemoglobin. If 33% of the energy of the red source and 76% of the infrared energy is transmitted through the blood, what is the fraction of hemoglobin that is oxygenated?
Three slits, each separated from its neighbor by d = 0.06 mm, are illuminated by a coherent light source of
wavelength 550 nm. The slits are extremely narrow. A screen is located L = 2.5 m from the slits. The
intensity on the centerline is 0.05 W. Consider a location on the screen x = 1.72 cm from the centerline.
a) Draw the phasors, according to the phasor model for the addition of harmonic waves, appropriate for this
location.
b) From the phasor diagram, calculate the intensity of light at this location.
A Jamin interferometer is a device for measuring or for comparing the indices of refraction of gases. A beam
of monochromatic light is split into two parts, each of which is directed along the axis of a separate cylindrical
tube before being recombined into a single beam that is viewed through a telescope. Suppose we are given the
following,
•
Length of each tube is L = 0.4 m.
• λ= 598 nm.
Both tubes are initially evacuated, and constructive interference is observed in the center of the field of view. As
air is slowly let into one of the tubes, the central field of view changes dark and back to bright a total of 198
times.
(a) What is the index of refraction for air?
(b) If the fringes can be counted to ±0.25 fringe, where one fringe is equivalent to one complete cycle of
intensity variation at the center of the field of view, to what accuracy can the index of refraction of air be
determined by this experiment?
1. An arrangement of three charges is shown below where q₁ = 1.6 × 10-19 C, q2 = -1.6×10-19 C,
and q3 3.2 x 10-19 C.
2 cm
Y
93
92
91
X
3 cm
(a) Calculate the magnitude and direction of the net force on q₁.
(b) Sketch the direction of the forces on qi
Chapter 21 Solutions
WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Vuille's College Physics, 11th Edition, Multi-Term
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