College Physics:
College Physics:
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305965515
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A.
Publisher: Brooks/Cole Pub Co
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Chapter 21, Problem 54P

Operation of the pulse oximeter (see previous problem). The transmission of light energy as it passes through a solution of light-absorbing molecules is described by the Beer-Lambert law

I = I 0 10 C L or log 10 ( I I 0 ) = C L

which gives the decrease in intensity I in terms of the distance L the light has traveled through a fluid with a concentration C of the light-absorbing molecule. The quantity is called the extinction coefficient, and its value depends on the frequency of the light. (It has units of m2/mol.) Assume the extinction coefficient for 660-nm light passing through a solution of oxygenated hemoglobin is identical to the coefficient for 940-nm light passing through deoxygenated hemoglobin. Also assume 940-nm light has zero absorption ( = 0) in oxygenated hemoglobin and 660-nm light has zero absorption in deoxygenated hemoglobin. If 33% of the energy of the red source and 76% of the infrared energy is transmitted through the blood, what is the fraction of hemoglobin that is oxygenated?

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Chapter 21 Solutions

College Physics:

Ch. 21 - Prob. 3CQCh. 21 - Receiving radio antennas can be in the form of...Ch. 21 - The following statements are related to an RLC...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6CQCh. 21 - In space sailing, which is a proposed alternative...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8CQCh. 21 - A resistor, capacitor, and inductor are connected...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10CQCh. 21 - Why should an infrared photograph of a person look...Ch. 21 - If a high-frequency current is passed through a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13CQCh. 21 - Why is the sum of the maximum voltages across each...Ch. 21 - If the resistance in an RLC circuit remains the...Ch. 21 - An inductor and a resistor are connected in series...Ch. 21 - A capacitor and a resistor are connected in series...Ch. 21 - Prob. 18CQCh. 21 - Which of the following statements is true...Ch. 21 - (a) What is the resistance of a light bulb that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2PCh. 21 - A 1.5-k resistor is connected to an AC voltage...Ch. 21 - Figure P21.4 show three lamp connected to a 120.-V...Ch. 21 - A 24.0-k resistor connected to an AC voltage...Ch. 21 - The output voltage of an AC generator is given by...Ch. 21 - (a) For what frequencies does a 22.0-F capacitor...Ch. 21 - North American outlets supply AC electricity with...Ch. 21 - When a 4.0-F capacitor is connected to a generator...Ch. 21 - An AC generator with an output rms voltage of 36.0...Ch. 21 - What maximum current is delivered by an AC source...Ch. 21 - A generator delivers an AC voltage of the form v =...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13PCh. 21 - An AC power source has an rms voltage of 120 V and...Ch. 21 - In a purely inductive AC circuit as shown in...Ch. 21 - The output voltage of an AC generator is given by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 17PCh. 21 - A sinusoidal voltage v = (80.0 V) sin (150t) is...Ch. 21 - A series RLC circuit has resistance R = 50.0 and...Ch. 21 - An inductor (L = 400. mH), a capacitor (C = 4.43...Ch. 21 - A resistor (R = 9.00 102 ), a capacitor (C =...Ch. 21 - A 50.0-H resistor, a 0.100-H inductor, and a...Ch. 21 - A series RLC circuit has resistance R = 12.0 ,...Ch. 21 - An AC source operating at 60. Hz with a maximum...Ch. 21 - A person is working near the secondary of a...Ch. 21 - A 60.0- resistor is connected in series with a...Ch. 21 - A series AC circuit contains a resistor, an...Ch. 21 - At what frequency does the inductive reactance of...Ch. 21 - An AC source with a maximum voltage of 150. V and...Ch. 21 - An AC source operating at 60. Hz with a maximum...Ch. 21 - A multimeter in an RL circuit records an rms...Ch. 21 - Prob. 32PCh. 21 - An RLC circuit has resistance R = 225 and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 34PCh. 21 - An inductor and a resistor are connected in...Ch. 21 - Consider a series RLC circuit with R = 25 , L =...Ch. 21 - An RLC circuit is used in a radio to tune into an...Ch. 21 - The resonant frequency of a certain series RLC...Ch. 21 - The AM bind extends from approximately 300. kHz to...Ch. 21 - Electrosurgical units (ESUs) supply high-frequency...Ch. 21 - Two electrical oscillators are used in a...Ch. 21 - A series circuit contains a 3.00-H inductor, a...Ch. 21 - The primary coil of a transformer has N1 = 250....Ch. 21 - A step-down transformer is used for recharging the...Ch. 21 - An AC power generator produces 50. A (rms) at 3...Ch. 21 - An ideal neon sign transformer provides 9 250 V at...Ch. 21 - Prob. 47PCh. 21 - A transmission line that has a resistance per unit...Ch. 21 - The U.S. Navy has long proposed the construction...Ch. 21 - (a) The distance to Polaris, the North Star, is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 51PCh. 21 - The speed of light in vacuum is defined to be...Ch. 21 - Oxygenated hemoglobin absorbs weakly in the red...Ch. 21 - Operation of the pulse oximeter (see previous...Ch. 21 - Prob. 55PCh. 21 - A laser beam is used to levitate a metal disk...Ch. 21 - Prob. 57PCh. 21 - Prob. 58PCh. 21 - Prob. 59PCh. 21 - A diathermy machine, used in physiotherapy,...Ch. 21 - What are the wavelength ranges in (a) the AM radio...Ch. 21 - An important news announcement is transmitted by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 63PCh. 21 - A spaceship is approaching a space station at a...Ch. 21 - Police radar guns measure the speed of moving...Ch. 21 - A speeder tries to explain to the police that the...Ch. 21 - A 25.0-mW laser beam of diameter 00 mm is...Ch. 21 - The intensity of solar radiation at the top of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 69APCh. 21 - In an RLC series circuit that includes a source of...Ch. 21 - As a way of determining the inductance of a coil...Ch. 21 - (a) What capacitance will resonate with a one-turn...Ch. 21 - A dish antenna with a diameter of 20.0 m receives...Ch. 21 - A particular inductor has appreciable resistance....Ch. 21 - Prob. 75APCh. 21 - Prob. 76AP
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