a.
To discuss: The payoff when the stock price goes up.
Introduction: Put option is contract that gives the owner of option the right to sell it at pre-decided rate within a specified time frame. It is not an obligation but the right to sell.
b.
To discuss: The payoff when the stock price falls.
Introduction: Put option is contract that gives the owner of option the right to sell it at pre-decided rate within a specified time frame. It is not an obligation but the right to sell.
c.
To discuss: Value of put option using risk-neutral shortcut.
Introduction: Put option is contract that gives the owner of option the right to sell it at pre-decided rate within a specified time frame. It is not an obligation but the right to sell.
d.
To discuss: Value of put option remain same using two-state approach.
Introduction: Put option is contract that gives the owner of option the right to sell it at pre-decided rate within a specified time frame. It is not an obligation but the right to sell.
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- Suppose stocks X and Y have equal current prices but different volatilities of returns, ax < øy; what would be more expensive: a call option on X or Y? Please discuss.arrow_forward6. Equilibrium pricing: Let the subscripts: j = 0 denote the risk-free asset, j = 1,...,n the set of available risky securities, and M the market portfolio. For the questions that follow, assume that CAPM provides an accurate description of reality. a. b. C. d. State the CAPM equation. (1) Use the CAPM equation to show that the following condition is true s; ≤ SM for any j. What is the significance of this condition when interpreted in the context of the capital market line? (5) Assume that B = 0.8, μM = 0.1 and r = 0.05. Using the CAPM, determine the expected return from holding one unit of asset j for one period. (2) Given your answer to c.), what could you conclude (from the perspective of the security market line) if a market survey indicated that the forecasted one- period return on asset j was 8 percent? Describe and motivate the rational trading response that is consistent with your conclusion. (4)arrow_forwardAfter describing the main hypothesis made in the black and Scholes model explain the reasons why the volatility smile (or skew) is showing up in the options markets? Describe three alternative models to the Black and Scholes model (except the sticky delta and the sticky strike methods) and explain/justify how they cope with the phenomenon of volatility skew.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the Security Market Line are correct? I. The intercept point is the market rate of return. II. The slope of the line is beta. III. An investor should accept any return located above the SML line. IV. A beta of 0.0 indicates the risk-free rate of returnarrow_forwarda. Explain the covered call options strategy b. Graphically show a covered call options strategy, including payoff. Explain why an investor mayuse this option strategy.c. Using put-call parity, explain the shape of the payoff line (in part (a) of this question). Whatoption position does it look like and why?arrow_forwardAn up-and-out barrier call option with barrier B, strike price K and exercise time T has payoff H(T) = (S(T) − K) + if max {S(t)| 0 ≤ t ≤ T} < B, 0 otherwise, that is, the payoff is that of a call option if the underlying stock price does not reach or exceed the barrier B at any time up to and including time T, and 0 otherwise. For an up-and-out barrier call option with barrier B = 140, strike price K = 90 and exercise time T = 3 in the binomial model with parameters U = 0.2, D = −0.1, R = 0.1 and S(0) = 100 compute the following. (a) The option price at time 0;arrow_forward
- Both call and put options are affected by the following five factors: the exercise price, the underlying stock price, the time to expiration, the stock’s standard deviation, and the risk-free rate. However, the direction of the effects on call and put options could be different. Use the following table to identify whether each statement describes put options or call options. Statement Put Option Call Option 1. When the exercise price increases, option prices increase. 2. An option is more valuable the longer the maturity. 3. The effect of the time to maturity on the option prices is indeterminate. 4. As the risk-free rate increases, the value of the option increases.arrow_forwardIn our study of Real Options, we learned about the many benifits of Real Options. Of the below, which is FALSE? O A. Given the option to delay, an investment that currently has a negative NPV can have a positive value. O B. As the level of uncertainty increases, the benefit of waiting is diminished. OC. In a real option analysis, the dividends correspond to any value from the investment that we give up by waiting. O D. By delaying an investment, we can base our decision on new information.arrow_forwardConsider the model of Black and Scholes. Consider the cash=or-nothing put option V (T) = 1{S(T)<= K} It pays out one unit of cash if the spot is below the strike at maturity. Evaluate the price of the option.arrow_forward
- Select all that are true with respect to the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model (BSOPM) Group of answer choices When using BSOPM to value a stock option, the BSOPM assumes that stock prices follow a normal distribution. When using BSOPM to value a stock option, the BSOPM assumes that stock returns follow a normal distribution. Half of the observations in a normal distribution are above the mean and half are below the mean. Fisher Black and Myron Scholes were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1997 for their work in Option Pricing.arrow_forwardSuppose the solid line represents the capital market line that results from a CAPM equilibrium and the dotted curves represent indifference curves for a given individual. Which of the following is correct if point M corresponds to the market portfolio? Group of answer choices The individual optimally holds only the market portfolio, M. The individual optimally holds portfolio B which can be partially characterized by a long position in the riskless asset. The individual optimally holds portfolio B which can be partially characterized by a short position in the riskless security The individual optimally holds portfolio A which can be partially characterized by a long position in the riskless security. None of the above.arrow_forward. Write out the equation for the Capital Market Line(CML), and draw it on the graph. Interpret theplotted CML. Now add a set of indifference curvesand illustrate how an investor’s optimal portfoliois some combination of the risky portfolio and therisk-free asset. What is the composition of the riskyportfolio?arrow_forward
- Intermediate Financial Management (MindTap Course...FinanceISBN:9781337395083Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Phillip R. DavesPublisher:Cengage Learning