Financial Management: Theory & Practice
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781337909730
Author: Brigham
Publisher: Cengage
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 3P
Summary Introduction
To calculate: The value of the levered firm using compressed adjusted
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
An unlevered firm has a value of $850 million. An otherwise identical but levered firm has $80 million in debt at a 3% interest rate, which is its pre-tax cost of debt. Its unlevered cost of equity is 10%. After Year 1, free cash flows and tax savings are expected to grow at a constant rate of 4%. Assuming the corporate tax rate is 25%, use the compressed adjusted present value model to determine the value of the levered firm. (Hint: The interest expense at Year 1 is based on the current level of debt.) Enter your answer in millions. For example, an answer of $10,550,000 should be entered as 10.55. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
Suppose a firm’s tax rate is 25%.
1. What effect would a $9.26 million operating expense have on this year's earnings? What effect would it have on next year's earnings? (Select all the choices thatapply.)
A. A $9.26 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $9.26 million. This would lead to a reduction in taxes of 25%×$9.26 million=$2.32 million.
B. A $9.26 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $9.26 million. This would lead to an increase in taxes of 25%×$9.26 million =$2.32 million.
C. Earnings would decline by $9.26 million−$2.32 million=$6.94 million. The same effect would be seen on next year's earnings.
D. Earnings would decline by $9.26 million−$2.32 million=$6.94 million. There would be no effect on next year's earnings.
2. What effect would a $11.75 million capital expense have on this year's earnings if the capital expenditure is depreciated at a rate of $2.35 million…
Grommit Engineering expects to have net income next year of $24.36 million and free cash flow of $22.17
million. Grommit's marginal corporate tax rate is 35%.
a. If Grommit increases leverage so that its interest expense rises by $6.7 million, how will net income
change?
b. For the same increase in interest expense, how will free cash flow change?
a. If Grommit increases leverage so that its interest expense rises by $6.7 million, how will net income
change?
Net income will fall to $ 4.36 million. (Round to two decimal places.)
b. For the same increase in interest expense, how will free cash flow change? (Select the best choice
below.)
A. Free cash flow increases by the amount of the interest expense.
B. Free cash flow decreases by the amount of the interest expense.
C. Free cash flow is not affected by interest expense.
D. None of the above.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Financial Management: Theory & Practice
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1QCh. 21 - Modigliani and Miller assumed that firms do not...Ch. 21 -
An unlevered firm has a value of $500 million. An...Ch. 21 -
An unlevered firm has a value of $500 million. An...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3PCh. 21 - Prob. 4PCh. 21 - A company’s most recent free cash flow to equity...Ch. 21 - Air Tampa has just been incorporated, and its...Ch. 21 - Companies U and L are identical in every respect...Ch. 21 - Schwarzentraub Corporation’s expected free cash...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, finance and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Ogier Incorporated currently has $800 million in sales, which are projected to grow by 10% in Year 1 and by 5% in Year 2. Its operating profitability ratio (OP) is 10%, and its capital requirement ratio (CR) is 80%? What are the projected sales in Years 1 and 2? What are the projected amounts of net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT) for Years 1 and 2? What are the projected amounts of total net operating capital (OpCap) for Years 1 and 2? What is the projected FCF for Year 2?arrow_forwardHappy Time Inc. is expected to generate the following cash flows for the next year, as shown in the table below. Happy Time now only has one outstanding debt with a face value of $110 million to be repaid in the next year. The current market value for the debt is $67 million. The tax rate is zero. If the firm is financed by common equity and debt, what is the expected value of common equity next year? Cash flow in the next year Probability Amount Economy Boom 0.3 $110 million Normal 0.4 $101 million Recession 0.3 $61 million $26.8 million $24.7 million $0 -$18.3 millionarrow_forwardHappy Time Inc. is expected to generate the following cash flows for the next year, as shown in the table below. Happy Time now only has one outstanding debt with a face value of $110 million to be repaid in the next year. The current market value for the debt is $67 million. The tax rate is zero. If you invest in the corporate debt of Happy Time Inc. today, what is your expected percentage return on this investment? Cash flow in the next year Economy Probability Amount Boom 0.3 Normal 0.4 Recession 0.3 O 36.87% O -26.37% 64.8% O-16.63% $110 million $101 million $61 millionarrow_forward
- Suppose a firm's tax rate is 25%. 1. What effect would a $10.92 million operating expense have on this year's earnings? What effect would it have on next year's earnings? (Select all the choices that apply.) A. $10.92 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $10.92 million. This would lead to a reduction in taxes of 25%×$10.92 million=$2.73 million. B. A $10.92 million operating expense would be immediately expensed, increasing operating expenses by $10.92 million. This would lead to an increase in taxes of 25%×$10.92 million=$2.73 million C. Earnings would decline by $10.92 million−$2.73 million=$8.19 million. There would be no effect on next year's earnings. D. Earnings would decline by $10.92 million−$2.73 million=$8.19 million. The same effect would be seen on next year's earnings 2. What effect would a $10.25 million capital expense have on this year's earnings if the capital expenditure is depreciated at a rate of $2.05…arrow_forwardA company is financed with equity of $4.5 million and a bank loan of $2.5 million with an interest rate of 8.6% per annum. The EBIT is $1.12 million. The applicable tax rate is 19%. Use the above information to calculate the following: a) change in the return on equity and the degree of financial leverage given a 15% increase in EBIT next year, b) change in the return on equity and the degree of financial leverage given a 5% decrease in EBIT in the following year (the year following the year in which EBIT grew by 15%).arrow_forwardA company expected to have free cash flow in the coming year of $8 million, and this free cash flow is expected to grow at a rate of 3% per year thereafter. The company has an equity cost of capital of 13%, a debt cost of capital of 7%, and it has a 35% corporate tax rate. If the company maintains a .5 debt to equity ratio, then what is Flagstaff's pre-tax WACC?arrow_forward
- Q. Western Lumber Company expects to have free cash flow in the coming year of $4.25mand is expected to grow at 4% per year thereafter. The company has an equity cost of10% and a debt cost of 6% and pays corporate tax at 30%. If the company maintains adebt-to-equity ratio of 0.50, what is the value of the interest tax shield? Please answer by providing step by step solution and explaining the whole processarrow_forwardKrypton Engineering expects to have net profit next year of $28.18 million and free cash flow of $22.18 million. Krypton's marginal corporate tax rate is 40%. a. If Krypton increases leverage so that its interest expense rises by $8.1 million, how will its net profit change? b. For the same increase in interest expense, how will free cash flow change?arrow_forwardPlease solve the below with detailed explanationarrow_forward
- In year 1, AMC will earn $2,200 before interest and taxes. The market expects these earnings to grow at a rate of 3.3% per year. The firm will make no net investments (i.e., capital expenditures will equal depreciation) or changes to net working capital. Assume that the corporate tax rate equals 25%. Right now, the firm has $5,500 in risk-free debt. It plans to keep a constant ratio of debt to equity every year, so that on average the debt will also grow by 3.3% per year. Suppose the risk-free rate equals 5.5%, and the expected return on the market equals 12.1%. The asset beta for this industry is 1.41. a. If AMC were an all-equity (unlevered) firm, what would its market value be? b. Assuming the debt is fairly priced, what is the amount of interest AMC will pay next year? If AMC's debt is expected to grow by 3.3% per year, at what rate are its interest payments expected to grow? c. Even though AMC's debt is riskless (the firm will not default), the future growth of AMC's debt is…arrow_forwardBelow is a firm's interest expenses in year 1, 2 and 3. After year 3, a firm's interest will grow at a constant rate of 4%. Firm's corporate tax rate is 40%. Firm's levered cost of equity is 10%, cost of debt is 2%. Firm is with 50% debt and 50% equity. What is the present value of interest tax shield using APV model? Interest Expense $79.09 million $61.35 million $68.12 million $73.02 million Year 1 $2 million Year 2 $3 million Year 3 $4 millionarrow_forwardAn unlevered firm has a value of $900 million. An otherwise identical but levered firm has $180 million in debt at a 4% interest rate, which is its pre-tax cost of debt. Its unlevered cost of equity is 12%. No growth is expected. Assuming the federal-plus-state corporate tax rate is 25%, use the MM model with corporate taxes to determine the value of the levered firm. Enter your answer in millions. For example, an answer of $10,550,000 should be entered as 10.55. Round your answer to the nearest whole number. S millionarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Intermediate Financial Management (MindTap Course...FinanceISBN:9781337395083Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Phillip R. DavesPublisher:Cengage LearningEBK CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFinanceISBN:9781337514835Author:MOYERPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
Intermediate Financial Management (MindTap Course...
Finance
ISBN:9781337395083
Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Phillip R. Daves
Publisher:Cengage Learning
EBK CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Finance
ISBN:9781337514835
Author:MOYER
Publisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT