Loose Leaf for Elementary Statistics: A Step By Step Approach
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781260152821
Author: Bluman, Allan G.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2.1, Problem 3E
How many classes should frequency distributions have? Why should the class width be an odd number?
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(c) Because logistic regression predicts probabilities of outcomes, observations used to build a logistic regression model need not be independent.
A. false: all observations must be independent
B. true
C. false: only observations with the same outcome need to be independent
I ANSWERED: A. false: all observations must be independent.
(This was marked wrong but I have no idea why. Isn't this a basic assumption of logistic regression)
Business discuss
Spam filters are built on principles similar to those used in logistic regression. We fit a probability that each message is spam or not spam. We have several variables for each email. Here are a few: to_multiple=1 if there are multiple recipients, winner=1 if the word 'winner' appears in the subject line, format=1 if the email is poorly formatted, re_subj=1 if "re" appears in the subject line. A logistic model was fit to a dataset with the following output:
Estimate
SE
Z
Pr(>|Z|)
(Intercept)
-0.8161
0.086
-9.4895
0
to_multiple
-2.5651
0.3052
-8.4047
0
winner
1.5801
0.3156
5.0067
0
format
-0.1528
0.1136
-1.3451
0.1786
re_subj
-2.8401
0.363
-7.824
0
(a) Write down the model using the coefficients from the model fit.log_odds(spam) = -0.8161 + -2.5651 + to_multiple + 1.5801 winner + -0.1528 format + -2.8401 re_subj(b) Suppose we have an observation where to_multiple=0, winner=1, format=0, and re_subj=0. What is the predicted probability that this message is spam?…
Chapter 2 Solutions
Loose Leaf for Elementary Statistics: A Step By Step Approach
Ch. 2.1 - Ages of Presidents at Inauguration The data...Ch. 2.1 - List five reasons for organizing data into a...Ch. 2.1 - Name the three types of frequency distributions,...Ch. 2.1 - How many classes should frequency distributions...Ch. 2.1 - What are open-ended frequency distributions? Why...Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 58, find the class boundaries,...Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 58, find the class boundaries,...Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 58, find the class boundaries,...Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 58, find the class boundaries,...Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 912, show frequency distributions...
Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 912, show frequency distributions...Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 912, show frequency distributions...Ch. 2.1 - For Exercises 912, show frequency distributions...Ch. 2.1 - Favorite Coffee Flavor A survey was taken asking...Ch. 2.1 - Trust in Internet Information A survey was taken...Ch. 2.1 - Eating at Fast Food Restaurants A survey was taken...Ch. 2.1 - Ages of Dogs The ages of 20 dogs in a pet shelter...Ch. 2.1 - Maximum Wind Speeds The data show the maximum wind...Ch. 2.1 - Stories in the Worlds Tallest Buildings The number...Ch. 2.1 - Ages of Declaration of Independence Signers The...Ch. 2.1 - Salaries of Governors Here are the salaries (in...Ch. 2.1 - Charity Donations A random sample of 30 large...Ch. 2.1 - Unclaimed Expired Prizes The number of unclaimed...Ch. 2.1 - Scores in the Rose Bowl The data show the scores...Ch. 2.1 - Consumption of Natural Gas Construct a frequency...Ch. 2.1 - Average Wind Speeds A sample of 40 large cities...Ch. 2.1 - Percentage of People Who Completed 4 or More Years...Ch. 2.1 - JFK Assassination A researcher conducted a survey...Ch. 2.1 - The Value of Pi The ratio of the circumference of...Ch. 2.2 - Selling Real Estate Assume you are a realtor in...Ch. 2.2 - Do Students Need Summer Development? For 108...Ch. 2.2 - Bear Kills The number of bears killed in 2014 for...Ch. 2.2 - Pupils Per Teacher The average number of pupils...Ch. 2.2 - Number of College Faculty The number of faculty...Ch. 2.2 - Railroad Crossing Accidents The data show the...Ch. 2.2 - NFL Salaries The salaries (in millions of dollars)...Ch. 2.2 - Suspension Bridges Spans The following frequency...Ch. 2.2 - Costs of Utilities The frequency distribution...Ch. 2.2 - Air Pollution One of the air pollutants that is...Ch. 2.2 - Making the Grade The frequency distributions shown...Ch. 2.2 - Blood Glucose Levels The frequency distribution...Ch. 2.2 - Waiting Times The frequency distribution shows the...Ch. 2.2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2.2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2.2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2.2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2.2 - Home Runs The data show the most number of home...Ch. 2.2 - Protein Grams in Fast Food The amount of protein...Ch. 2.2 - Using the histogram shown here, do the following....Ch. 2.2 - Using the results from Exercise 19. answer these...Ch. 2.2 - Math SAT Scores Shown is an ogive depicting the...Ch. 2.3 - Applying the Concepts 23 Causes of Accidental...Ch. 2.3 - Tech Company Employees Construct a vertical and...Ch. 2.3 - Worldwide Sales of Fast Foods The worldwide sales...Ch. 2.3 - Gulf Coastlines Construct a Pareto chart for the...Ch. 2.3 - Roller Coaster Mania The World Roller Coaster...Ch. 2.3 - Online Ad Spending The amount spent (in billions...Ch. 2.3 - Violent Crimes The number of all violent crimes...Ch. 2.3 - U.S. Licensed Drivers 70 or Older Draw a time...Ch. 2.3 - Valentines Day Spending The data show the average...Ch. 2.3 - Credit Cards Draw and analyze a pie graph for the...Ch. 2.3 - Reasons We Travel The following data are based on...Ch. 2.3 - Kids and Guns The following data show where...Ch. 2.3 - Colors of Automobiles The popular car colors are...Ch. 2.3 - Ages of Football Players The data show the ages of...Ch. 2.3 - Teacher Strikes In Pennsylvania the numbers of...Ch. 2.3 - Years of Experience The data show the number of...Ch. 2.3 - Commuting Times Fifty off-campus students were...Ch. 2.3 - Home Run Club There are 43 Major League baseball...Ch. 2.3 - Calories in Salad Dressings A listing of calories...Ch. 2.3 - Length of Major Rivers The data show the lengths...Ch. 2.3 - Math and Reading Achievement Scores The math and...Ch. 2.3 - State which type of graph (Pareto chart, time...Ch. 2.3 - State which graph (Pareto chart, time series...Ch. 2.3 - U.S. Health Dollar The U.S. health dollar is spent...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.3 - Cost of Milk The graph shows the increase in the...Ch. 2.3 - U.S. Population by Age The following information...Ch. 2.3 - Chicago Homicides Draw and compare two time series...Ch. 2.3 - Trip Reimbursements The average amount requested...Ch. 2 - How People Get Their News The Brunswick Research...Ch. 2 - Mens World Hockey Champions The United States won...Ch. 2 - BUN Count The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) count of...Ch. 2 - Wind Speed The data show the average wind speed...Ch. 2 - Waterfall Heights The data show the heights (in...Ch. 2 - Ages of the Vice Presidents at the Time of Their...Ch. 2 - Find the relative frequency for the frequency...Ch. 2 - Find the relative frequency for the frequency...Ch. 2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2 - Non-Alcoholic Beverages The data show the yearly...Ch. 2 - Calories of Nuts The data show the number of...Ch. 2 - Crime The data show the percentage of the types of...Ch. 2 - AID: 1825 | 31/5/2018 16. Pet Care The data (in...Ch. 2 - Broadway Stage Engagements The data show the...Ch. 2 - High School Dropout Rate The data show the high...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.3.19RECh. 2 - Smart Phone Insurance Construct and analyze a pie...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.3.21RECh. 2 - Prob. 2.3.22RECh. 2 - Weights of Football Players A local football team...Ch. 2 - Public Libraries The numbers of public libraries...Ch. 2 - Pain Relief The graph below shows the time it...Ch. 2 - Casino Payoffs The graph shows the payoffs...Ch. 2 - From the Data Bank located in Appendix B, choose...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2DACh. 2 - From the Data Bank, select at least 30 subjects...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4DACh. 2 - Using the data from Data Set XI in Appendix B,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7DACh. 2 - Determine whether each statement is true or false....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2CQCh. 2 - Prob. 3CQCh. 2 - Frequency distributions can aid the researcher in...Ch. 2 - Determine whether each statement is true or false....Ch. 2 - Prob. 6CQCh. 2 - Determine whether each statement is true or false....Ch. 2 - Prob. 8CQCh. 2 - What are the boundaries for 8.68.8? a. 89 b....Ch. 2 - What graph should be used to show the relationship...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11CQCh. 2 - The three types of frequency distributions are...Ch. 2 - In a frequency distribution, the number of classes...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14CQCh. 2 - Data collected over a period of time can be...Ch. 2 - A statistical device used in exploratory data...Ch. 2 - On a Pareto chart, the frequencies should be...Ch. 2 - Housing Arrangements A questionnaire on housing...Ch. 2 - Housing Arrangements A questionnaire on housing...Ch. 2 - Prob. 20CQCh. 2 - Construct a histogram, a frequency polygon, and an...Ch. 2 - Coal Consumption The following data represent the...Ch. 2 - Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and...Ch. 2 - Recycled Trash Construct a Pareto chart and a...Ch. 2 - Identity Thefts The results of a survey of 84...Ch. 2 - Needless Deaths of Children The New England...Ch. 2 - Prob. 27CQCh. 2 - Parking Meter Revenue In a small city the number...Ch. 2 - Prob. 29CQCh. 2 - The Great Lakes Shown are various statistics about...Ch. 2 - Teacher Strikes In Pennsylvania there were more...
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