Explanation Given data: The radius ( r ) of the calcium atom is 0.23 nm. Formula used: Consider the expression for the electric potential at the atom sphere’s surface. V R = K e R (1) Here, e is charge of electron, which is known as 1.6 × 10 − 19 C , K is electrostatic constant, which is generally known as 1 4 π ε 0 = 9.0 × 10 9 N ⋅ m 2 C 2 , and R is radius of the atom. Explanation: Consider that, the calcium atom as a sphere with radius of 0.23 nm. The ionization energy is the energy needed to remove an electron from an atom. Find the difference in potential, which is the required energy to remove electrons. The potential at the surface of the sphere is equal to the potential difference since the initial potential V i = V R and the final potential V f = 0 . Substitute 9.0 × 10 9 N ⋅ m 2 C 2 for K , 1.6 × 10 − 19 C for e , and 0.23 nm for R in equation (1), V R = ( 9.0 × 10 9 N ⋅ m 2 C 2 ) ( 1.6 × 10 − 19 C ) 0.23 nm = ( 9.0 × 10 9 N ⋅ m 2 C 2 ) ( 1.6 × 10 − 19 C ) 0.23 × 10 − 9 m = 6.26087 N ⋅ m C = 6

College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)

4th Edition

ISBN: 9780134609034

Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field

Publisher: PEARSON

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Chapter 21, Problem 25P

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The ionization energy of calcium atom with the radius of 0.23 nm.

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Chapter 21, Problem 24P

Chapter 21, Problem 26P

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Chapter 21 Solutions

College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)

Ch. 21 - By moving a 10 nC charge from point A to point B,...Ch. 21 - Charge q is fired through a small hole in the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 4CQ Ch. 21 - An electron moves along the trajectory from i to f...Ch. 21 - As shown in Figure Q21.7, two protons are launched...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7CQ Ch. 21 - Figure Q21.9 shows two points inside a capacitor....Ch. 21 - A capacitor with plates separated by distanced is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10CQ

Ch. 21 - Prob. 11CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 12CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 13CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 14CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 15CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 17CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 18MCQ Ch. 21 - A 1.0 nC positive point charge is located at point...Ch. 21 - Prob. 20MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 21MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 22MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 23MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 24MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 25MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 26MCQ Ch. 21 - A bug zapper consists of two metal plates...Ch. 21 - An atom of helium and one of argon are singly...Ch. 21 - Prob. 29MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 30MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 31MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 32MCQ Ch. 21 - Moving a charge from point A, where the potential...Ch. 21 - The graph in Figure P21.2 shows the electric...Ch. 21 - It takes 3.0 J of work to move a 15 nC charge from...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4P Ch. 21 - A 20 nC charge is moved from a point where V = 150...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6P Ch. 21 - At one point in space, the electric potential...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8P Ch. 21 - What potential difference is needed to accelerate...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10P Ch. 21 - An electron with an initial speed of 500,000 m/s...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12P Ch. 21 - A proton with an initial speed of 800,000 m/s is...Ch. 21 - The electric potential at a point that is halfway...Ch. 21 - A 2.0 cm 2.0 cm parallel-plate capacitor has a...Ch. 21 - Two 2.00 cm 2.00 cm plates that form a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 18P Ch. 21 - Prob. 19P Ch. 21 - Prob. 20P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21P Ch. 21 - Prob. 22P Ch. 21 - a. What is the potential difference between the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24P Ch. 21 - Prob. 25P Ch. 21 - Prob. 26P Ch. 21 - Prob. 27P Ch. 21 - Prob. 28P Ch. 21 - Prob. 29P Ch. 21 - Prob. 30P Ch. 21 - What are the magnitude and direction of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 32P Ch. 21 - Prob. 33P Ch. 21 - Prob. 34P Ch. 21 - Prob. 35P Ch. 21 - Prob. 36P Ch. 21 - Two 2.0 cm 2.0 cm square aluminum electrodes,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 38P Ch. 21 - An uncharged capacitor is connected to the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 40P Ch. 21 - You need to construct a 100 pF capacitor for a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 42P Ch. 21 - A switch that connects a battery to a 10 F...Ch. 21 - Prob. 44P Ch. 21 - Initially, the switch in Figure P21 .33 is open...Ch. 21 - A 1.2 nF parallel-plate capacitor has an air gap...Ch. 21 - A 25 pF parallel-plate capacitor with an air gap...Ch. 21 - Prob. 48P Ch. 21 - A science-fair radio uses a homemade capacitor...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is connected to a...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is charged by a 12.0 V...Ch. 21 - Prob. 52P Ch. 21 - To what potential should you charge a 1.0 F...Ch. 21 - Prob. 54P Ch. 21 - Capacitor 2 has half the capacitance and twice the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 56P Ch. 21 - 50 pJ of energy is stored in a 2.0 cm 2.0 cm 2.0...Ch. 21 - Two uncharged metal spheres, spaced 15.0 cm apart,...Ch. 21 - A 2.0-cm-diameter parallel-plate capacitor with a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 60GP Ch. 21 - A 50 nC charged particle is in a uniform electric...Ch. 21 - The 4000 V equipotential surface is 10.0 cm...Ch. 21 - Prob. 63GP Ch. 21 - Two point charges 2.0 cm apart have an electric...Ch. 21 - A +3.0 nC charge is at x = 0 cm and a 1.0 nC...Ch. 21 - A 3.0 nC charge is on the x-axis at x = 9 cm and a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 67GP Ch. 21 - Electric outlets have a voltage of approximately...Ch. 21 - A Na+ion moves from inside a cell, where the...Ch. 21 - Suppose that a molecular ion with charge 10e is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 71GP Ch. 21 - a. What is the electric potential at point A in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 73GP Ch. 21 - A proton follows the path shown in Figure P21.63....Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is charged to 5000 V. A...Ch. 21 - A proton is released from rest at the positive...Ch. 21 - In the early 1900s, Robert Millikan used small...Ch. 21 - Two 2.0-cm-diameter disks spaced 2.0 mm apart form...Ch. 21 - In proton-beam therapy, a high-energy beam of...Ch. 21 - A 2.5-mm-diameter sphere is charged to 4.5 nC. An...Ch. 21 - A proton is fired from far away toward the nucleus...Ch. 21 - Prob. 82GP Ch. 21 - Prob. 83GP Ch. 21 - A capacitor consists of two 6.0-cm-diameter...Ch. 21 - The dielectric in a capacitor serves two purposes....Ch. 21 - The highest magnetic fields in the world are...Ch. 21 - The flash unit in a camera uses a special circuit...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - Prob. 89MSPP Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...

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