Concept explainers
Videos
Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some ______ survive and reproduce better than others.
- A. alleles
- B. loci
- C. species
- D. individuals
Introduction:
The term “natural selection” was given and popularized by Charles Darwin. Simply, it is defined as “survival of the fittest”. It is the differential survival of organisms on the basis of their phenotype and genotype. Natural selection is the key to evolution.
Answer to Problem 1TYU
Correct answer:
Some individuals survive and reproduce better than others. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Reasons for the correct statement:
Some individuals survive and reproduce better than the others. This is due to the difference in genotype or different individuals. Individuals acquire traits, which may be better than the others. This is responsible for natural selection.
Option (D) is given as “individuals”.
“Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some individuals survive and reproduce better than others”, it is the right answer.
Hence, the option (D) is correct.
Reasons for the incorrect statement:
Option (A) is given as “alleles”.
Alleles are defined as alternate form of the same gene. These are found in same loci on the same chromosome. Alleles are a result of mutation. Allele frequency increases as cross-reproduction increases. Same alleles cannot be found in each generation. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (B) is given as “loci”.
Loci are the fixed location on a chromosome. These define the position of a genetic marker or a gene. These are not responsible for natural selection. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (C) is given as “species”.
Species is a group of morphologically similar individuals, which are capable of interbreeding. Species evolve due to natural selection, but no two individuals in a species can have the same genotype. Some individuals in a species have better chances of survival than others. So, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options (A), (B), and (C) are incorrect.
Natural selection is a process of differential selection of individuals. It is the basic reason of evolution. Some individuals in a species have better chances of survival than others and species keep on acquiring new and better traits than previous ones due to this reason.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 21 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Concepts of Biology
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach - Standalone book
Marine Biology (Botany, Zoology, Ecology and Evolution)
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
- Natural selection causes things to increase in frequency if they are good for _______. a. the species b. the population c. the individual d. the allele e. all of the above at the same timearrow_forwardRate of evolution by selection is highest for an allele when it is _________ . a. wild type b. recessive c. dominant d. co-dominantarrow_forward1. ____ occurs when allele frequencies change over generation due to random chance. a. extinction b. gene flow c. natural selection d. mutationarrow_forward
- Scientists have concluded that the AS genotype as an adaptation for survival in Africa. Support the conclusion in terms of natural selection A. The frequency of the AS allele increases proportionately to the number of Africans in the population B. Because Malaria does not exist in the U.S and the AS allele does not provide any advantage to survival there. C. As the frequency of Malaria increases so does the frequency of the AS allele combination as it protects against getting Malaria D. Those without the AS genotype die out due to sickle cell disease; the populations left with a greater allelic frequency of the AS genotypearrow_forwardNatural selection operates on populations over many generations. Which of the following allows natural selection to occur? A. the desire and the advantage of a population to remain constant B. the old age of the individuals which causes them to die C. the abilty for populations to change quickly from one trait to the next D. the unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproducearrow_forwardA population of gophers is very isolated, so no individuals can move in/out of the population. It is very small, so random events affect allele frequencies and many traits are under strong selection. Males are chosen randomly. Which statement is correct? A. Allele frequencies in 10 generations will be different than they are today. B. Individual gophers are evolving traits they need to survive C.Genetic drift is not acting on the gophers D. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibriumarrow_forward
- People who are heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene are morelikely than others to survive a cholera epidemic. This heterozygoteadvantage seems to explain why homozygotes are maintained in thehuman population, and is an example ofa. disruptive selection.b. balanced polymorphism.c. high mutation rate.d. nonrandom mating.arrow_forwardVariation among pre-cells was due to ________. A. the bottleneck effect B. natural selection C. mutation D. genetic drift 82.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements describes an example of genetic drift?a. Allele g for fat production increases in a small population because birds with more bodyfat have higher survivorship in a harsh winter.b. Random mutation increases the frequency of allele A in one population but not inanother.c. Allele R reaches a frequency of 1.0 because individuals with genotype rr are sterile.d. Allele m is lost when a virus kills all but a few individuals and just by chance, none ofthe survivors possess allele m.arrow_forward
- A set of alleles carried by (characteristics of) an organism that encodes for a specific trait. Select one: O a. Genetic diversity b. Karyotype c. Phenotype d. Genotype e. Natural selectionarrow_forwardGenetic drift can be defined as Group of answer choices A. accidental changes in DNA structure b.how lazy loci evolve c. random change in allele frequency over time D. differences in fitness between allelesarrow_forwardWhen male lions reach sexual maturity, they leave their group in search of a new pride. This can alter the allele frequencies of the population through which of the following mechanisms? a. natural selection b. genetic drift c. gene flow d. random matingarrow_forward
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education