EBK GENERAL CHEMISTRY: THE ESSENTIAL CO
EBK GENERAL CHEMISTRY: THE ESSENTIAL CO
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780100257047
Author: Chang
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 20.4, Problem 1RC
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The colour of the octahedral complexes such as CrX63+ and CrY63+ are being different.  From this information, the stronger field ligand has to be found out among the neutral ligands X and Y.

Concept Introduction:

Strong field ligands:

  • Gives larger splitting.
  • So, splittingenergyΔo will be large.
  • As a consequence electrons do not get transmitted to the higher energy level due to the large energy gap in between. So, remains paired up in the lower energy level.
  • Thus, results in low-spin complexes.
  • The wavelength of absorption corresponding to the large splittingenergyΔo will be of larger wavelength.
  • Hence, the wavelength of absorption has a low frequency and lower energy.

Weak field ligands:

  • Gives smaller splitting.
  • So, splittingenergyΔo will be small.
  • As a consequence electrons will easily get transmitted to the higher energy level due to the small energy gap in between. So, remains unpaired by occupying the higher energy level.
  • Thus, results in high-spin complexes.
  • The wavelength of absorption corresponding to the small splittingenergyΔo will be of smaller wavelength.
  • Hence, the wavelength of absorption has a high frequency and higher energy.

So, if the colour of a given complex is of larger wavelength, then the complex is said to be a high-spin complex with the weak field ligand, since the larger wavelength gives the smallest splitting due to its smaller energy.

In contrast, if the colour of a given complex is of smaller wavelength, then the complex is said to be a low-spin complex with the strong field ligand, since the smaller wavelength gives the largest splitting due to its greater energy.

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EBK GENERAL CHEMISTRY: THE ESSENTIAL CO

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