The space shuttle was reusable low earth orbital space craft system which has capability to reach low earth orbit and controlled by NASA. It has solid aluminum fuel which is oxidized with ammonium perchlorate according to the reaction which is shown below. 10 Al(s) + 6 NH 4 Cl(s) 4 → 4 Al 2 O 3 ( s ) + 2 AlCl 3 + 12 H 2 O ( g ) = 3 N 2 ( g ) It also carries oxygen to react with hydrogen to form gaseous water. Concept introduction: Standard heats of formation Δ H f 0 for various reactant and products which are involved in a reaction, listed below. Compounds Standard heat of form Δ H f 0 Al(s) 0 NH 4 ClO 4 −295 Al 2 O 3 (s) −1675.7 AlCl 2 (s) −704.2 H 2 O(g) −241.8 N 2 (g) 0 H 2 (g) 0 O 2 (g) 0

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 20, Problem 99E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The space shuttle was reusable low earth orbital space craft system which has capability to reach low earth orbit and controlled by NASA.

It has solid aluminum fuel which is oxidized with ammonium perchlorate according to the reaction which is shown below.

10Al(s) + 6NH₄ Cl(s)₄ → 4Al₂ O₃ (s) + 2AlCl₃ + 12H₂O (g) = 3N₂(g)

It also carries oxygen to react with hydrogen to form gaseous water.

Concept introduction:

Standard heats of formation $Δ H_{f}^{0}$ for various reactant and products which are involved in a reaction, listed below.

Compounds Standard heat of form $Δ H_{f}^{0}$

Al(s) 0

NH₄ClO₄ −295

Al₂ O₃(s) −1675.7

AlCl ₂(s) −704.2

H₂O(g) −241.8

N₂(g) 0

H₂(g) 0

O₂(g) 0

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(c) The following data have been obtained for the hydrolysis of sucrose, C12H22O11, to glucose, C6H12O6, and fructose C6H12O6, in acidic solution: C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 [sucrose]/mol dm³ t/min 0 0.316 14 0.300 39 0.274 60 0.256 80 0.238 110 0.211 (i) Graphically prove the order of the reaction and determine the rate constant of the reaction. (ii) Determine the half-life, t½ for the hydrolysis of sucrose.

(III) adsorbent (b) Adsorption of the hexacyanoferrate (III) ion, [Fe(CN)6] ³, on y-Al2O3 from aqueous solution was examined. The adsorption was modelled using a modified Langmuir isotherm, yielding the following values of Kat pH = 6.5: (ii) T/K 10-10 K 280 2.505 295 1.819 310 1.364 325 1.050 Determine the enthalpy of adsorption, AadsHⓇ. If the reported value of entropy of adsorption, Aads Se = 146 J K-1 mol-1 under the above conditions, determine Aads Gº.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 20, Problem 99E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The space shuttle was reusable low earth orbital space craft system which has capability to reach low earth orbit and controlled by NASA.

It has solid aluminum fuel which is oxidized with ammonium perchlorate according to the reaction which is shown below.

10Al(s) + 6NH₄ Cl(s)₄ → 4Al₂ O₃ (s) + 2AlCl₃ + 12H₂O (g) = 3N₂(g)

It also carries oxygen to react with hydrogen to form gaseous water.

Concept introduction:

Standard heats of formation $Δ H_{f}^{0}$ for various reactant and products which are involved in a reaction, listed below.

Compounds Standard heat of form $Δ H_{f}^{0}$

Al(s) 0

NH₄ClO₄ −295

Al₂ O₃(s) −1675.7

AlCl ₂(s) −704.2

H₂O(g) −241.8

N₂(g) 0

H₂(g) 0

O₂(g) 0

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 20, Problem 99E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The space shuttle was reusable low earth orbital space craft system which has capability to reach low earth orbit and controlled by NASA.

It has solid aluminum fuel which is oxidized with ammonium perchlorate according to the reaction which is shown below.

10Al(s) + 6NH₄ Cl(s)₄ → 4Al₂ O₃ (s) + 2AlCl₃ + 12H₂O (g) = 3N₂(g)

It also carries oxygen to react with hydrogen to form gaseous water.

Concept introduction:

Standard heats of formation $Δ H_{f}^{0}$ for various reactant and products which are involved in a reaction, listed below.

Compounds Standard heat of form $Δ H_{f}^{0}$

Al(s) 0

NH₄ClO₄ −295

Al₂ O₃(s) −1675.7

AlCl ₂(s) −704.2

H₂O(g) −241.8

N₂(g) 0

H₂(g) 0

O₂(g) 0

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 20, Problem 99E

Interpretation Introduction