EBK PHYSICS OF EVERYDAY PHENOMENA
EBK PHYSICS OF EVERYDAY PHENOMENA
8th Edition
ISBN: 8220106637050
Author: Griffith
Publisher: YUZU
Question
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Chapter 20, Problem 4SP

(a)

To determine

The heat energy to be added to the water to increase the temperature.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The heat energy to be added to the water to increase the temperature is 8.37×105J.

Explanation of Solution

Given info: The mass of water is 2000g, the initial temperature is 0°C and the final temperature is 100°C.

Write the expression for the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance.

Q=mcΔT=mc(T2T1)

Here,

Q is the heat energy

m is the mass of the substance

c is the specific heat of the substance

ΔT is the increase in temperature

T1 is the initial temperature

T2 is the final temperature

Substitute 2000g for m, 1cal/g°C for c, 100°C for T2 and 0°C for T1 to find the heat required to raise the temperature of water, Q.

Q=(2000g)(1cal/g°C)(100°C0°C)=2×105cal=2×105cal×4.186J1cal=8.37×105J

Conclusion:

Therefore, the heat energy to be added to the water to increase the temperature is 8.37×105J.

(b)

To determine

The increase in mass of water due to the addition of energy.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The increase in mass of water due to the addition of energy is 9.3×1012kg.

Explanation of Solution

Given info: The energy added to the water is 8.37×105J.

Write the expression for the mass-energy equivalence.

E0=mc2

Here,

E0 is the energy

m is the mass

c is the speed of light

Solve for m.

m=E0c2

Substitute 8.37×105J for E0 and 3×108m/s for c to find the mass equivalent to the added energy.

m=8.37×105J(3×108m/s)2=9.3×1012kg

Conclusion:

Therefore, the increase in mass of water due to the addition of energy is 9.3×1012kg.

(c)

To determine

To compare the mass increased upon energy addition to the original mass of water and whether it is measurable or not.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The increased mass of water is about 1 part in 50 billion and it is insignificant and not measurable.

Explanation of Solution

Given info: The original mass of water is 2kg and the increase in mass is 9.3×1012kg.

The ratio of the increased mass to the original mass of water is obtained as,

9.3×1012kg2kg=12×1011

Hence, the increased mass of water is about 1 part in 50 billion. This much small increase in mass is not measurable and it is insignificant.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the increased mass of water is about 1 part in 50 billion and it is insignificant and not measurable.

(d)

To determine

The kinetic energy possible to produce from the original mass of water.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The kinetic energy possible to produce from the original mass of water is 1.8×1017J.

Explanation of Solution

Given info: The original mass of water is 2kg.

Write the expression for the mass-energy equivalence.

E0=mc2

Substitute 2kg for m and 3×108m/s for c to find the corresponding energy.

E0=(2kg)(3×108m/s)2=1.8×1017J

Hence the kinetic energy possible to produce from the original mass of water is 1.8×1017J

Conclusion:

Therefore, the kinetic energy possible to produce from the original mass of water is 1.8×1017J.

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