Physics of Everyday Phenomena
Physics of Everyday Phenomena
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260048469
Author: Griffith
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 20, Problem 4SP

(a)

To determine

The heat energy added to raise the temperature of water from 0 °C to 100 °C.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The heat energy added to raise the temperature of water from 0 °C to 100 °C is 1.05×106 J.

Explanation of Solution

Given info: The mass of the water is 2.5 kg. The specific heat of water is 4186 J/kgK. The change in temperature is 100°C=100 K.

Write the expression to find the heat energy added to raise the temperature of water from 0 °C to 100 °C.

Q=mcΔt

Here,

Q is the heat energy

m is the mass of the water

c is the specific heat of water

Δt is the change in temperature

Substitute 100 K for Δt, 4186 J/kgK for c and 2.5 kg for m in the above equation.

Q=(2.5 kg)(4186 J/kgK)(100 K)=1.05×106 J

Conclusion:

Therefore, the heat energy added to raise the temperature of water from 0 °C to 100 °C is 1.05×106 J.

(b)

To determine

The amount of water increasing in the process.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The amount of water increasing in the process is 1.16×1011 kg.

Explanation of Solution

Write the expression to find mass of the water increasing in the process.

m=E0c2

Here,

E0 is the energy

c is the speed of light

m is the amount of water

Substitute 1.05×106 J for E0 and 3×108 m/s for c in the above equation.

m=1.05×106 J(3×108 m/s)2=1.16×1011 kg

Conclusion:

Therefore, the amount of water increasing in the process is 1.16×1011 kg.

(c)

To determine

The comparison of the increase in mass with the original mass.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The increase in mass is negligible when compared with the original mass.

Explanation of Solution

When we consider the expression of the ratio of the original mass to the increase in mass, the ratio becomes 2.5 kg : 1.16×1011 kg. This is very negligible.

This can be reduced to 1 part in 200 billion which is very negligible. This shows the insignificance of the increase in mass in this case.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the increase in mass is negligible when compared with the original mass.

(d)

To determine

The conversion of original mass into kinetic energy.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4SP

The conversion of original mass into kinetic energy gives 2.25×1017 J.

Explanation of Solution

Write the expression for conversion of original mass into kinetic energy.

KE=mc2

Here,

m is the original mass

c is the speed of light

Substitute 3×108 m/s for c and 2.5 kg for m in the above equation.

KE=(2.5 kg)(3×108 m/s)2=2.25×1017 J

Conclusion:

Therefore, the conversion of original mass into kinetic energy gives 2.25×1017 J.

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