Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The relationship between restriction enzymes, hybridization, electrophoresis, and gene cloning has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The recombinant gene technology involves the synthesis of DNA hybrids with the use of restriction enzymes or endonucleases. After digestion with endonucleases, the fragments thus separated are analyzed by electrophoresis. The DNA cloning tools are essential for gene cloning and are developed during the recombinant DNA studies.
(b)
Interpretation:
The relationship between the components of DNA (nitrogenous bases, 2′-deoxyribose, and phosphoryl groups) and the three-dimensional structure of the DNA molecules have to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Each nucleotide consists of sugar that is either ribose or deoxyribose, one of the nitrogenous bases, and one or more phosphoryl groups. The only difference is the presence of hydrogen atom at the 2’ position in case of deoxyribose compared to ribose.
The nucleotide that contains the ribose sugar is termed as ribonucleotide while the one that has deoxyribose sugar is termed as deoxyribonucleotide. DNA is a
(c)
Interpretation:
The relationship of the sequences of nucleotides in a DNA molecule and the sequence of amino acids in a protein has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Proteins are considered the most abundant macromolecules in the cell. Proteins, carbohydrate, and fat are an energy source in the diet. They can be oxidized to provide energy to the body. Also, amino acids are generated in the digestion process of proteins. These amino acids are used in the biosynthesis of new cellular protein and many important nitrogen compounds such as heme group, DNA, RNA.
DNA is a polymer of nucleotides and consist of deoxyribose sugar unit. Each nucleotide consists of sugar that is either ribose or deoxyribose, one of the nitrogenous bases, and one or more phosphoryl groups. The genetic code illustrates all the possible codons along with the amino acids they code for.

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 20 Solutions
GENERAL, ORGANIC,BIO CHP.10-23-ACCESS>I
- 31 Indicate the symbol, mass number and the atomic number of the missing product in each of the following nuclear reactions. a) 13/3 N 41 b) 11 Ca 20 c) 90 38 Sr → 133 C + ? + - 6 0 e →? 90 Y + ? 39 11 d) 22 Na → ? + + 1 B +1 β Toarrow_forwardPlease drawarrow_forward9. compore the Following two Venctions IN termy Of Ronction Rate and explan in detail the reasoning that led to your conclusion +He p₁₂ 11- ㅐ 15 .. +He H #H H / H b. Compare the Following too reactions 14 terms of reaction Rate and explain in detail the reasoning that led to your conclusion Н d-C- tłu Na +2446 е -ll +2n "Harrow_forward
- a. •Write all of the possible products For the Following ronction А ----- H - H H + H₂0 H+ Н b. in Rite the complete reaction Mechaniszn For the Formation of each product. ·C. Suggest what Reaction conditions could Result in each product being the major Product of the veaction:arrow_forwarda. Write the product For each of the Following reactions H 6-836-6 레 +H₂ N A H A-C-C=C-C-CH + 2 Na +2 NH3 - H H b. Write the reaction Mechanism For. reaction eacharrow_forwardhelp draw the moleculearrow_forward
- How to draw this claisen condensation reaction mechanisms/arrow_forwardWrite all of Me Possible Products For each Of the Following reactions. In each case identity all pains of enantiomers, all digsterzoners and all Meso compounds 9. 11-60 11-0-11 V-G Η Η H ~ C-11 +HB+ - 1 H b. पन्ना 171-0-11 H-C-H Н C-C=c-call +HBr Perendez ==arrow_forwardHow can i draw the mechanisms for this molecule?arrow_forward
- a. Discuss and explain he difference IN Stability between the Chai and Boat Гольцу от судомехане b. For the Following Molecule draw both possible Clain conformations and explain which one is more stable and for what Reason. H. CH₂ CH₂ H "Harrow_forwarddraw out these molecules pleasearrow_forwardhelp draw any straightchain moleculearrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





