(a) Interpretation: The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs. Concept introduction: Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion .

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 20.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between aceetic anhydride and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

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b. H3C CH3 1. 2. H3O+ H3C MgBr H3C

Predict the major products of this reaction: excess H+ NaOH ? A Note that the first reactant is used in excess, that is, there is much more of the first reactant than the second. If there won't be any products, just check the box under the drawing area instead. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Priv

1. For each of the reaction "railroads" below, you are either asked to give the structure(s) of the starting material(s) or product(s), or provide reagents/conditions to accomplish the transformation, as indicated by the boxes. a. NaOMe H+ .CO,H HO₂C MeOH (excess) MeOH H3C Br يع CH3 1. LiAlH4 2. H3O+ 3. PBг3 H3C 1. Et-Li 2. H3O+ -CO₂Me -CO₂Me OH CH3 CH3 ল CH3

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 20.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between aceetic anhydride and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 20.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between aceetic anhydride and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 20.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between aceetic anhydride and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

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Answer 5

Chapter 20, Problem 20.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between aceetic anhydride and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 6

Chapter 20, Problem 20.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 7

Chapter 20, Problem 20.37P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between aceetic anhydride and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between aceetic anhydride and the given reactant is to be predicted. A complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction between methyl benzoate and the given reagent is to be predicted. A complete detailed mechanism is to be drawn if the reaction occurs.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo acyl group substitution reactions when treated with appropriate nucleophiles. The reaction occurs via nucleophilic addition-elimination involving a tetrahedral intermediate. It may also involve proton transfer step(s). The reaction occurs if the possible product is more stable than the reactant. If the two are of comparable stability, the reaction will occur reversibly. The order of increasing stability of acid derivatives is

acid chloride < acid anhydride < ester ≈ carboxylic acid < amide < carboxylate anion.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 18

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Answer 19

Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.1P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.2P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.3P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.4P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.5P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.6P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.7P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.8P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.9P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.10P

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