Chapter 20, Problem 20.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The purpose of the coiled Teflon tube and its function has to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Then the critical angle has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Snell’s law:

${\text{n}}_{\text{1}}\text{sin}{\text{θ}}_{\text{1}}\text{=}{\text{n}}_{\text{2}}\text{sin}{\text{θ}}_{\text{2}}$

${\text{n}}_{\text{1}}\text{and}{\text{n}}_{\text{2}}$ are the refractive indexes of the two media

${\text{θ}}_{\text{1}}\text{and}{\text{θ}}_{\text{2}}$

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection by the light is reflected.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The absorbance of given solution has to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Beer-Lambert's Law, absorbance A of an absorbing species is given by

$\text{A= εbc }$

Where $\text{ε}$ is the molar absorption coefficient,

$\text{b}$ is the optical path length

$\text{c}$ is the concentration, implying that absorbance is directly proportional to the path length.